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Definition 2024


See also:

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 140 +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿月木 (TBD), four-corner 44904, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1038, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31184
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1496, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3236, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+83DC

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːʔ
*sʰɯːs
*sʰɯːs
*sʰɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰɯːs) : semantic  (grass, plant) + phonetic  (OC *sʰɯːʔ).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (14)
Final () (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰəiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰəjH/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cài
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
cài
Middle
Chinese
‹ tshojH ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.r̥ˤəʔ-s/
English vegetables

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1076
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰɯːs/

Definitions

  1. vegetable; greens
       shūcài   vegetables
       báicài   Chinese cabbage
       cài   spinach
  2. cuisine; (type of) food
    日本   rìběn cài   Japanese food
  3. dish; course   (Classifier: m; m)
    對胃口 / 对胃口   Zhè dào cài hěn duìwèikǒu.   This dish is tasty.
  4. (colloquial) (one's) type
    •    Tā shì wǒ de cài!   He is my type!
  5. (colloquial) bad; inferior; disappointing; below average
    /    càiniǎo   noob

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“dish; vegetable or meat dish”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Tianjin
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou 、餸菜
Hong Kong 、餸菜
Taishan 、餸菜
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou 物配
Xiamen 物配
Zhangzhou 物配
Taipei 物配
Kaohsiung 物配
Chaozhou 物配
Wu Suzhou 小菜
Wenzhou 、餚配
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. greens; vegetables
  2. rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
  3. side dish

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji na)

  1. greens

Derived terms

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

(chae) (hangeul , revised chae, McCune-Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(thái, thủy, linh, )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.