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Definition 2024


U+5728, 在
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5728

[U+5727]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5729]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

(radical 32 +3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大中土 (KLG), four-corner 40214, composition𠂇)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 224, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4881
  • Dae Jaweon: page 455, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 418, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5728

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*zraː, *zraːʔ, *ʔsrɯ, *zrɯ
*zlɯː
*zlɯː, *zlɯːs
*zlɯː
*zlɯː, *ʔslɯ
*zlɯːʔ, *zlɯːs
*zrɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zlɯːʔ, *zlɯːs) : phonetic  (OC *zlɯː, *zlɯːs) + semantic  (earth).

was visually identical with (OC *zlɯː, *zlɯːs, “sprout”) in the oracle bone script and some of the bronze Script. It may be either a phonetic loan or a figurative derivate.

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sai⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sai⁵³/ ~早
/t͡sai²¹³/ ~家
Tianjin /tai⁵³/
/t͡sai⁵³/
Jinan /t͡sɛ²¹/
Qingdao /t͡sɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sai³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡sai⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sɛ²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡sɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡sɛ¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sai²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sai³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sai¹³/
Guiyang /t͡sai²¹³/ 現~
/tai²¹³/ ~家
Kunming /t͡sæ²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡sae⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡se̞⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sai⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡sæ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ze²³/
Suzhou /ze̞³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ze̞¹³/
Wenzhou /ze³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛ³⁵/
/t͡sʰɛ²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sai⁵⁵/
/t͡sai¹¹/
/təu¹¹/ ~屋裡
Xiangtan /d͡zai²¹/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰai²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰio⁴⁴/
/hio⁴⁴/
/t͡sʰai⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɔi²²/
Nanning /t͡sɔi²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sɔi²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sai²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sɑi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sai⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sai³⁵/
/to³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡sai³³/
/ʔdu³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (15) (15)
Final () (41) (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡zʌiX/ /d͡zʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡zəiX/ /d͡zəiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zəjX/ /d͡zəjH/
Li
Rong
/d͡zᴀiX/ /d͡zᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱɑ̆iX/ /d͡zʱɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zài zài
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zài
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzojX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[dz]ˤəʔ/
English be at, be present

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1064 1065
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*zlɯːʔ/ /*zlɯːs/

Definitions

  1. (located) in, at
  2. to exist, to be (located)
  3. be ...-ing, in the middle of doing something (indicating an action in progress)
  4. during; in

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“at, in”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Zhuolan (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou
Xiamen
Zhangzhou
Taipei mT
Kaohsiung
Tainan
Taichung
Yilan
Lukang
Sanxia
Kinmen
Magong
Hsinchu
Malaysia
Chaozhou
Shantou
Wu Shanghai 、辣辣、辣海
Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng
Note mT - mainstream Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

  • 在位 (ざいい, zaii)
  • 在家 (ざいけ, zaike)
  • 在庫 (ざいこ, zaiko)
  • 在校 (ざいこう, zaikō)
  • 在住 (ざいじゅう, zaijū)
  • 在職 (ざいしょく, zaishoku)
  • 在世 (ざいせ, zaise)
  • 在籍 (ざいせき, zaiseki)
  • 在宅 (ざいたく, zaitaku)
  • 在任 (ざいにん, zainin)
  • 在来 (ざいらい, zairai)
  • 在留 (ざいりゅう, zairyū)
  • 存在 (そんざい, sonzai)
  • 在日 (ざいにち, zainichi)
  • 現在地 (げんざいち, genzaichi)

Noun

(hiragana ざい, romaji zai)

  1. Short for 在郷 (zaigō): countryside or outskirts

Prefix

(hiragana ざい, romaji zai-)

  1. residing in

Korean

Hanja

(jae) (hangeul , revised jae, McCune-Reischauer chae)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(tại)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Preposition

  1. in