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Definition 2024
分
分
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See also: 份
Translingual
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Han character
分 (radical 18 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹 (CSH), four-corner 80227, composition ⿱八刀)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 136, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1853
- Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 321, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5206
See also
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
分 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 分
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 扮 | *prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ |
| 盼 | *pʰrɯːns |
| 頒 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 朌 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 鳻 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 份 | *prɯn, *bɯns |
| 汃 | *pʰreːd, *prɯn |
| 玢 | *prɯn |
| 邠 | *prɯn |
| 攽 | *prɯn |
| 砏 | *prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn |
| 貧 | *brɯn |
| 湓 | *pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns |
| 盆 | *bɯːn |
| 葐 | *bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn |
| 坌 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 坋 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 分 | *pɯn, *bɯns |
| 吩 | *pɯn |
| 粉 | *pɯnʔ |
| 黺 | *pɯnʔ |
| 芬 | *pʰɯn |
| 紛 | *pʰɯn |
| 衯 | *pʰɯn |
| 棻 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 氛 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 雰 | *pʰɯn |
| 忿 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ |
| 魵 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 汾 | *bɯn |
| 羒 | *bɯn |
| 枌 | *bɯn |
| 棼 | *bɯn |
| 妢 | *bɯn |
| 梤 | *bɯn |
| 馚 | *bɯn |
| 鼢 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 蚡 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 弅 | *bɯnʔ |
| 秎 | *bɯns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 八 (“to separate”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to separate with a knife.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fan1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn / pûn
- Min Dong (BUC): buŏng / hŭng
- Min Nan (POJ): pun / hun
- Wu (Wiktionary): fen (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ
- Wade-Giles: fên1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fen
- IPA (key): /fən⁵⁵/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣㄦ
- Wade-Giles: fênrh1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fel
- IPA (key): /fəɻ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: fan1
- Yale: fān
- Cantonese Pinyin: fan1
- IPA (key): /fɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn / pûn
- Hakka Romanization System: fun´ / bun´
- Hagfa Pinyim: fun1 / bun1
- IPA: /fun²⁴/, /pun²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: buŏng / hŭng
- IPA (key): /puoŋ⁵⁵/, /huŋ⁵⁵/
- Note: buŏng - vernacular; hŭng - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: fen (T1)
- IPA (key): /fəɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 分 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fən⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /fən⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /fən²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /fẽ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /fə̃²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /fən²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /fẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /fə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /fəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /fə̃n³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /fɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /fən⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /fən⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /fen⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /fə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /fən³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /fən²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /xuŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /fə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /fəŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /fən⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /fen³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /faŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /fʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /fɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fən³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ɸən³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɨn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian |
/fun⁴⁴/ ～配 /pun⁴⁴/ 給 |
| Taoyuan | /pun²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fɐn⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /fɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /fɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/hun⁵⁵/ /pun⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /puoŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/xɔŋ⁵⁴/ /puiŋ⁵⁴/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/luŋ³³/ /puŋ³³/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/ʔbun²³/ /hun²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 府文切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/piun/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/piuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/pun/ |
| Li Rong |
/piuən/ |
| Wang Li |
/pĭuən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pi̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fēn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
fēn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ pjun › |
| Old Chinese |
/*pə[n]/ |
| English | divide |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 3148 |
| Phonetic component |
分 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
分 |
| Old Chinese |
/*pɯn/ |
Definitons
分
- to divide; to separate
- to distribute; to allocate; to assign; to allot
-
- 他和兒子分吃了一張比薩餅。 [MSC, trad.]
- 他和儿子分吃了一张比萨饼。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tā hé érzǐ fēn chī le yī zhāng bǐsàbǐng. [Pinyin]
- He shared a pizza with his son.
-
- 他和我一起分苹果。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
- Tā hé wǒ yīqǐ fēn píngguǒ. [Pinyin]
- He divided the apples with me.
-
- 他們分到了一幢住房。 [MSC, trad.]
- 他们分到了一幢住房。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tāmen fēn dào le yī zhuàng zhùfáng. [Pinyin]
- They were allotted a house to live in.
-
- to distinguish; to differentiate; to tell apart
-
- 我分不清他們。他們長得太像了。 [MSC, trad.]
- 我分不清他们。他们长得太像了。 [MSC, simp.]
- Wǒ fēn bù qīng tāmen. Tāmen cháng dé tài xiàng le. [Pinyin]
- I cannot tell them apart. They are very much alike.
-
- 他是一個懦夫，一個分不清蠻力和大丈夫氣概的恃強凌弱者。 [MSC, trad.]
- 他是一个懦夫，一个分不清蛮力和大丈夫气概的恃强凌弱者。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tā shì yī ge nuòfū, yī ge fēn bù qīng mánlì hé dàzhàngfū qìgài de shìqiánglíngruò zhě. [Pinyin]
- He's a coward and a bully who confuses physical strength with manhood.
-
- Short for 分手 (fēnshǒu, “to break up”).
- minute (unit of time)
- minute (unit of angle, 1/60 of a degree))
- fraction; proportion
- 分之 (fēnzhī, “used to indicate a fraction”)
- (sports, games) point; mark
- one tenth
- (unit of money) 0.01 yuan
- (Hong Kong) fan, a traditional unit of length, legally defined as 0.1 tsun (寸) or 0.00371475 metres (米)
- (historical) an ancient small unit of time
- Short for 市分: a unit of length equivalent to 0.33 cm
See also
Compounds
Derived terms from 分
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fan6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun
- Min Dong (BUC): hông
- Min Nan (POJ): hùn
- Wu (Wiktionary): ven (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
- Wade-Giles: fên4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
- IPA (key): /fən⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: fan6
- Yale: fahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: fan6
- IPA (key): /fɐn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun
- Hakka Romanization System: fun
- Hagfa Pinyim: fun4
- IPA: /fun⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hông
- IPA (key): /houŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
- Tâi-lô: hùn
- Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
- IPA (Xiamen): /hun²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ven (T3)
- IPA (key): /v̻əɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 扶問切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/bɨunH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/biunH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/biuənH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/bunH/ |
| Li Rong |
/biuənH/ |
| Wang Li |
/bĭuənH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/bʱi̯uənH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fèn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
fèn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ bjunH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[m]-pə[n]-s/ |
| English | alloted duty |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 分 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 3191 |
| Phonetic component |
分 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
分 |
| Old Chinese |
/*bɯns/ |
Definitions
分
- part; share; portion
- ingredient; component
- duty; responsibility
- status; standing
- lot; fate; destiny
- mutual affection
- Alternative form of 份 (fèn, “classifier”).
Usage notes
Many of the senses are now written with the specialised character 份 (fèn).
Compounds
Derived terms from 分
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Japanese
Noun
- part; share
- このケーキは君の分だよ。
- Kono kēki wa kimi no bun da yo.
- This piece of cake is yours. (your share; it implies there are other pieces of cake.)
- このケーキは君の分だよ。
- an obsolete unit of currency equal to four 両 (ryō)
Counter
分 (hiragana ふん, romaji -fun)
- minutes (duration)
| Minutes in Japanese | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一分 (ippun) | 二分 (nifun) | 三分 (sanpun) | 四分 (yonpun) | 五分 (gofun) | 六分 (roppun) | 七分 (nanafun) 七分 (shichifun) |
八分 (hachifun) 八分 (happun) |
九分 (kyūfun) | 十分 (jippun) 十分 (juppun) |
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Related terms
- わける (wakeru): "to divide"
- わかる (wakaru): "to understand"
Kanji
分
Readings
- Goon: ぶん (bun), ふん (fun)
- Kan’on: ふん (fun)
- Kan’yōon: ぶ (bu)
- Kun: わける (wakeru), わかる (wakaru), わかれる (wakareru)