Definify.com
Definition 2024
吉
吉
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
吉 (radical 30 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 土口 (GR), four-corner 40601, composition ⿱士口)
Derived terms
References
- KangXi: page 175, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3289
- Dae Jaweon: page 389, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 576, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5409
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
吉 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 𠮷 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 吉
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|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (吉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 秸 | *kriːl, *kriːd |
| 髻 | *kiːds |
| 夡 | *kʰids |
| 鴶 | *kriːd |
| 袺 | *kriːd, *kiːd |
| 頡 | *kriːd, *ɡiːd |
| 劼 | *kʰriːd |
| 硈 | *kʰriːd |
| 咭 | *kʰriːd, *ɡlid, *qʰlid |
| 黠 | *ɡriːd |
| 聐 | *ŋreːd |
| 趌 | *ked, *klid, *kʰid, *ɡrid |
| 結 | *kiːd |
| 拮 | *kiːd, *klid |
| 桔 | *kiːd |
| 狤 | *kiːd, *klid, *ɡrid |
| 擷 | *qʰiːd, *ɡiːd |
| 襭 | *ɡiːd |
| 翓 | *ɡiːd |
| 纈 | *ɡiːd |
| 吉 | *klid |
| 郆 | *kid |
| 詰 | *kʰid |
| 蛣 | *kʰid |
| 佶 | *ɡlid, *ɡrid |
| 鮚 | *ɡrid |
| 姞 | *ɡrid |
| 欯 | *qʰlid |
| 恄 | *qʰlid |
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kjit (“happy; pleased”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gat1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kit
- Min Dong (BUC): gék
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): jiq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
- Wade-Giles: chih2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gat1
- Yale: gāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: gat7
- IPA (key): /kɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kit
- Hakka Romanization System: gid`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gid5
- IPA: /kit̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gék
- IPA (key): /kɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat
- Tâi-lô: kiat
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiad
- IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵/
- IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kit
- Tâi-lô: kit
- Phofsit Daibuun: kid
- IPA (Xiamen): /kit̚³²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kit̚³²/
- Note: Xiamen: kiat - vernacular; kit - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gig4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kik
- IPA (key): /kik̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jiq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 吉 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕji⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu |
/t͡ɕie³¹/ /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
|
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕai²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕi⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kit̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kit̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐt̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /kɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kɐt̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kit̚³²/ /kiat̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kɛiʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ki²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kik̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kit̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 吉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居質切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kjet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kit̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ki̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ji |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 吉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jí |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kjit › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.qi[t]/ (*C.q- > *k-, escaping palatalization) |
| English | auspicious |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 吉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5692 |
| Phonetic component |
吉 |
| Rime group |
質 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
吉 |
| Old Chinese |
/*klid/ |
| Notes | 甲文象供品在口表神佑吉利 |
Definitions
吉
- auspicious; lucky
- good
- (Cantonese, euphemistic) empty
- Short for 吉林 (Jílín, “Jilin Province”).
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 吉
|
Japanese
Kanji
吉
Readings
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吉 |
|
きち Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吉 |
|
きつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
Noun
吉 (hiragana きち, romaji kichi, alternative reading きつ, romaji kitsu)
- good luck
Korean
Hanja
吉 • (gil) (hangeul 길, revised gil, McCune-Reischauer kil, Yale kil)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville