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Definition 2024

衝

衝

See also: 冲

Translingual

Han character

衝 (radical 144 行+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹土弓 (HOHGN), four-corner 21104)

  1. rush against, charge ahead

References

  • KangXi: page 1110, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34069
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1574, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 843, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+885D

Chinese

trad. 衝
simp. 冲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衝
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撞 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦 *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇 *rdoːŋ
𩪘 *rdoːŋ
艟 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽 *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董 *toːŋʔ
蕫 *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽 *toːŋʔ
懂 *toːŋʔ
湩 *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童 *doːŋ
僮 *doːŋ
瞳 *doːŋ
罿 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝 *doːŋ
潼 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜 *doːŋ, *doŋ
動 *doːŋʔ
慟 *doːŋs
堹 *toŋs
諥 *toŋs
蹱 *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重 *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟 *doŋ, *doŋs
蝩 *doŋ
褈 *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘 *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾 *tjoŋ
籦 *tjoŋ
種 *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫 *tjoŋʔ
踵 *tjoŋʔ
歱 *tjoŋʔ
喠 *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅 *tjoŋs
衝 *tʰjoŋ
揰 *tʰjoŋs
尰 *djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰjoŋ) : semantic 行 + phonetic 重 ‎(OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尺容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕʰɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cʰuawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕʰi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chōng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyhowng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tʰoŋ/
English rush against

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
No. 17478
Phonetic
component		 重
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 𧘂
Old
Chinese		 /*tʰjoŋ/
Notes 說文中從童通作此

Noun

衝

  1. thoroughfare; important place
    • 要衝 / 要冲  ―  yàochōng  ―  road hub, major crossroad

Verb

衝

  1. to go straight ahead; to rush; to charge; to dash
  2. to clash; to collide
    • 衝擊 / 冲击  ―  chōngjī  ―  attack, shock
    • 衝撞 / 冲撞  ―  chōngzhuàng  ―  to collide
    • 衝突 / 冲突  ―  chōngtū  ―  conflict, collision of interest

Compounds

Pronunciation

Adjective

衝

  1. powerful; vigorous
  2. pungent; (of smell) strong

Verb

衝

  1. to face
  2. to punch; to stamp
    • 衝壓 / 冲压  ―  chōngyā  ―  to stamp, to press (sheet metal)
    • 字母衝 / 字母冲  ―  zìmǔchōng  ―  letter punch

Preposition

衝

  1. towards; at; to
  2. in view of

Compounds

  • 衝勁兒／冲劲儿
  • 衝壓／冲压
  • 衝壓機／冲压机
  • 衝子／冲子
  • 衝床／冲床
  • 衝模／冲模

Japanese

Kanji

衝

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

衝 • ‎(chung, jong) (hangeul 충, 종, revised chung, jong, McCune-Reischauer ch'ung, chong, Yale chwung, cong)

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Vietnamese

Han character

衝 (xung, giong, tông, xong, xông, xúng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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