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Definition 2024


Translingual

Han character

(radical 64 +13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手人卜月 (QOYB), four-corner 58027, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 458, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12816
  • Dae Jaweon: page 807, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1961, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+64D2

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alt. forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Large seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʰluːm'
*l̥ʰuːmʔ
*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*qɯːm, *qaːb
*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
*krɯːm
*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*ɡram
*ɡram
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*nɯːms
*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
*sɢrɯm
*sɡrɯm
*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
*sɡrɯm
*ɡjɯms
*krɯm
*krɯm
*krɯm
*kʰrɯm
*kʰrɯmʔ
*kʰrɯms
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm
*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
*qrɯm
*qrɯm
*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
*qrɯms
*qrɯms
*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯm) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *ɡrɯm).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (30)
Final () (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gjim/
Li
Rong
/ɡjəm/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qín
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qín
Middle
Chinese
‹ gim ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ɢ(r)[ə]m/
English catch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 6613
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrɯm/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to catch; to capture; to seize; to arrest
  2. to hold; to grasp

Compounds

  • 一網成擒一网成擒
  • 一舉成擒一举成擒
  • 七擒七縱七擒七纵
  • 伏虎擒龍伏虎擒龙
  • 就擒 (jiùqín)
  • 成擒
  • 手到擒來手到擒来
  • 捉虎擒蛟
  • 擒伏
  • 擒奸摘伏
  • 擒姦擿伏擒奸擿伏
  • 擒姦討暴擒奸讨暴
  • 擒抱
  • 擒拿
  • 擒捉
  • 擒服
  • 擒獲擒获 (qínhuò)
  • 擒盜擒盗
  • 擒縱擒纵
  • 擒虎拿蛟
  • 擒賊擒王擒贼擒王
  • 擒賊擒首擒贼擒首
  • 擒龍縛虎擒龙缚虎
  • 束手就擒
  • 欲擒故縱欲擒故纵
  • 生擒 (shēngqín)
  • 生擒活拿
  • 生擒活捉 (shēngqín huózhuō)
  • 韓擒虎韩擒虎
  • 餓虎擒羊饿虎擒羊

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Originally a compound of 取り (tori, taking, capturing, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 取る toru, “to take, to capture”) + (ko, child; small thing).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

(hiragana とりこ, romaji toriko)

  1. prisoner, captive, slave

Usage notes

Also used metaphorically, such as (koi no toriko, literally love's slave).

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(geum) (hangeul , revised geum, McCune-Reischauer kŭm, Yale kum)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(cầm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.