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Definition 2024


U+4E5F, 也
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5F

[U+4E5E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E60]
See also: and

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

(radical 5 +2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 心木 (PD), four-corner 44712, composition)

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 84, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 171
  • Dae Jaweon: page 170, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 50, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4E5F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alt. forms 𠃟
𦫴
𦬀
𠔄
𠃒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*l̥ʰaːl
*l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːls
*l'aːl
*l'aːl, *l'al
*ljalʔ
*ɦljaːl, *hljal, *hljals
*ɦljal, *laːlʔ, *lal
*laːlʔ
*hleːl
*l'eːls
*l̥ʰalʔ, *l'alʔ, *lal
*l̥ʰalʔ, *lalʔ
*l'al
*l'alʔ, *hljalʔ
*hljal, *hljals
*hljal
*hljal
*hljalʔ
*lal
*lel, *lalʔ
*lel
*lal, *lalʔ
*lal, *lalʔ
*lal, *lalʔ
*lalʔ
*lalʔ
*lalʔ
*lals, *ɦljels, *lels
*l'els

Uncertain. There are various possible explanations:

  1. The traditional glyph origin given in Shuowen explains the character to be a pictograph of female genitalia.
  2. It is possibly a pictograph of an ancient funnel or wash basin. It may be an early form of .
  3. It was once interchangeable with and may have originated as a simplification.
  4. It may have been created to represent the modal particle (語氣詞语气词 (yǔqìcí)). In some bronze inscriptions, it appears to be a mouth () with a curved line descending from it to represent air coming out of the mouth.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (36)
Final () (100)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jiaX/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiaX/
Shao
Rongfen
/iaX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jiaX/
Li
Rong
/iaX/
Wang
Li
/jĭaX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯aX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ X ›
Old
Chinese
/*lAjʔ/
English (final particle)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14773
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*laːlʔ/

Definitions

  1. also; too; as well
       qù le.   I also went.
  2. (in negative sentences) neither, either
    如果 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Nǐ rúguǒ bù qù, wǒ bù qù. [Pinyin]
    If you don't go, I won't either.
  3. Used for emphasis with object fronting. even
    Used in the ……也…… constructions for stronger emphasis. Interchangeable with . even
  4. Used for emphasis.
    不像話 / 不像话   Zhè tài bùxiànghuà le.   This is way too outrageous.
  5. (classical) An emphatic final particle of strong affirmation or identity.
  6. A surname. Ye

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“also, too”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Zhuolan (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou
Xiamen
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Chaozhou
Wu Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds

  • 之乎者也 (zhīhūzhěyě)
  • 也不盡然也不尽然
  • 也不見得也不见得
  • 也先
  • 也可
  • 也好 (yěhǎo)
  • 也是
  • 也曾
  • 也未可知
  • 也波
  • 也罷也罢 (yěbà)
  • 也行
  • 也許也许 (yěxǔ)
  • 也速該也速该
  • 也須也须
  • 也麼哥也么哥
  • 可也
  • 撥風也似拨风也似
  • 暴雷也似
  • 死也瞑目
  • 溜之乎也
  • 潑天也似泼天也似
  • 空空如也
  • 箭也似的
  • 維也納 维也纳 (Wéiyěnà)
  • 莫予毒也
  • 莫余毒也
  • 說也奇怪说也奇怪
  • 阿也
  • 飛也似的飞也似的

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. to be
  2. also
  3. too

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(ya)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: ya, McCune-Reischauer: ya)
  • Name (hangeul): 이끼, 어조사 (revised: ikki, eojosa, McCune-Reischauer: ikki, ǒjosa)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References


Vietnamese

Han character

(, dạ, giã)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References