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Definition 2024
灘
灘
See also: 滩
Translingual
Han character
灘 (radical 85 水+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 水廿人土 (ETOG), four-corner 30114, composition ⿰氵難)
References
- KangXi: page 663, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18784
- Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1794, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7058
Chinese
| trad. | 灘 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 滩 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (暵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 儺 | *naːl |
| 臡 | *naːl, *neːl, *njeːl |
| 嘆 | *n̥ʰaːn, *n̥ʰaːns |
| 灘 | *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns |
| 擹 | *n̥ʰaːn |
| 攤 | *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns |
| 癱 | *n̥ʰaːn |
| 歎 | *n̥ʰaːns |
| 難 | *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns |
| 暵 | *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns |
| 熯 | *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns, *njanʔ |
| 漢 | *hnaːns |
| 戁 | *rnaːnʔ, *njanʔ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢ
- Wade-Giles: t'an1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tan
- IPA (key): /tʰa̠n⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: taan1
- Yale: tāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: taan1
- IPA (key): /tʰɑːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoaⁿ / than
- Tâi-lô: thuann / than
- Phofsit Daibuun: tvoaf, tafn
- IPA (Xiamen): /tʰuã⁴⁴/, /tʰan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰuã³³/, /tʰan³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰuã⁴⁴/, /tʰan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰuã⁴⁴/, /tʰan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuã⁴⁴/, /tʰan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 灘 | 灘 | 灘 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 曉 (32) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 寒 (61) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 他干切 | 呼旱切 | 奴案切 |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/tʰɑn/ | /hɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/tʰɑn/ | /hɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/tʰɑn/ | /xɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/tʰan/ | /hanX/ | /nanH/ |
| Li Rong |
/tʰɑn/ | /xɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/tʰɑn/ | /xɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/tʰɑn/ | /xɑnX/ | /nɑnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
tān | hǎn | nàn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 灘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
tān |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ than › |
| Old Chinese |
/*n̥ˤar/ (E dialect: *n̥ˤ- > MC th-) |
| English | foreshore |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 灘 | 灘 | 灘 | 灘 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 4891 | 4901 | 4902 | 4908 |
| Phonetic component |
暵 | 暵 | 暵 | 暵 |
| Rime group |
元 | 元 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
灘 | 攤 | 䍐 | 漢 |
| Old Chinese |
/*n̥ʰaːn/ | /*naːns/ | /*hnaːnʔ/ | /*hnaːns/ |
| Notes | 原隹作鳥據旱韻又音校改 | |||
Definitions
灘
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
References
- “Entry #13246”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
灘
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings
- Goon: たん (tan)
- Kan’on: たん (tan)
- Kan’yōon: だん (dan)
- Kun: せ (se), なだ (nada)
- Nanori: だな (dana), なん (nan)
Korean
Hanja
灘 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune-Reischauer t'an, Yale than)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
灘 (than)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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