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Definition 2024
改
改
Translingual
Han character
改 (radical 66 攴+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸山人大 (SUOK), four-corner 18740, composition ⿰己攵)
References
- KangXi: page 468, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13114
- Dae Jaweon: page 816, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1450, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6539
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
改 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 改 | *klɯːʔ |
| 跽 | *ɡrɯʔ |
| 己 | *kɯʔ |
| 紀 | *kɯʔ |
| 妀 | *kɯʔ |
| 記 | *kɯs |
| 杞 | *kʰɯʔ |
| 屺 | *kʰɯʔ |
| 芑 | *kʰɯʔ |
| 邔 | *kʰɯʔ, *ɡɯs |
| 玘 | *kʰɯʔ |
| 忌 | *ɡɯs |
| 鵋 | *ɡɯs |
| 誋 | *ɡɯs |
| 梞 | *ɡɯs |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ
- Wade-Giles: kai3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gae
- IPA (key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: goi2
- Yale: gói
- Cantonese Pinyin: goi2
- IPA (key): /kɔːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói
- Hakka Romanization System: goi`
- Hagfa Pinyim: goi3
- IPA: /ko̯i³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái
- Tâi-lô: kái
- Phofsit Daibuun: kae
- IPA (Xiamen): /kaɪ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kaɪ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaɪ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kaɪ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaɪ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóe
- Tâi-lô: kué
- Phofsit Daibuun: koea
- IPA (Xiamen): /kue⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kue⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ké
- Tâi-lô: ké
- Phofsit Daibuun: kea
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke⁵³/
- Note: kái - literary; kóe/ké - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: goi2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kói
- IPA (key): /koi⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ke (T2)
- IPA (key): /kᴇ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 改 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古亥切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʌiX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kəiX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kɒiX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kəjX/ |
| Li Rong |
/kᴀiX/ |
| Wang Li |
/kɒiX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kɑ̆iX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gǎi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 改 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gǎi |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kojX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.qˤəʔ/ |
| English | change (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 改 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5763 |
| Phonetic component |
己 |
| Rime group |
之 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
改 |
| Old Chinese |
/*klɯːʔ/ |
Definitions
改
Compounds
Derived terms from 改
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
改
Readings
- Goon: かい (kai)
- Kan’on: かい (kai)
- Kun: あらためる (aratameru), あらため (aratame), あらたまる (aratamaru)
- Nanori: あら (ara)
Compounds
References
|
- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Korean
Hanja
改 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune-Reischauer kae, Yale kay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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