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Definition 2024


鹿

鹿

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

鹿 (radical 198 鹿+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈X心 (IXP), four-corner 00211)

  1. Kangxi radical #198, (deer).

Derived characters

  • Index:Chinese radical/鹿

Related characters

  • 𢊁 (as in )

References

  • KangXi: page 1508, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47586
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2036, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4727, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9E7F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
鹿
鹿

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鹿
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (鹿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*pʰlo, *roːɡ
鹿 *b·roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ
*roːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a deer. Current form is highly abstracted – legs have transformed to – note grouping of front and rear legs, which are bent – head has transformed to middle component (similar to /), while antlers on top and extended lip/mouth on left transformed into 广. This simplification occurred during seal characters.

Contrast the very different development of (“horse”), and the hybrid simplification in 𢊁 (“bison”) (as in ), which has the head of 鹿 but the legs of ().

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鹿
Mandarin Beijing /lu⁵¹/
Harbin /lu⁵³/
Tianjin /lu⁵³/
Jinan /lu²¹/
Qingdao /lu²⁴/
Zhengzhou /lu²⁴/
Xi'an /lu²¹/
Xining /lv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /lu¹³/
Lanzhou /lu¹³/
Ürümqi /lu²¹³/
Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
Guiyang /nu²¹/
Kunming /lu³¹/
Nanjing /luʔ⁵/
Hefei /luəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /luəʔ²/
Pingyao /luʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /luəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /loʔ¹/
Suzhou /loʔ³/
Hangzhou /loʔ²/
Wenzhou /lɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /lu²²/
Tunxi /ləu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ləu²⁴/
Xiangtan /nəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /luʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /luk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /luk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lok̚²/
Nanning /luk̚²²/
Hong Kong /luk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /løyʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /lu⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tek̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /lok̚⁵/
/ʔdiak̚³/

Rime
Character 鹿
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/luk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/luk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/luk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ləwk̚/
Li
Rong
/luk̚/
Wang
Li
/luk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/luk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鹿
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ luwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*mə-rˤok/
English deer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鹿
Reading # 1/1
No. 8565
Phonetic
component
鹿
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*b·roːɡ/

Definitions

鹿

  1. deer
  2. A surname.

Synonyms

  • 鹿仔

Compounds

  • 中原逐鹿
  • 共挽鹿車共挽鹿车
  • 即鹿無虞即鹿无虞
  • 囷鹿
  • 失鹿
  • 小鹿兒小鹿儿
  • 指鹿為馬指鹿为马 (zhǐlùwéimǎ)
  • 撲鹿扑鹿
  • 斬蛇逐鹿斩蛇逐鹿
  • 梅花鹿
  • 水鹿
  • 沙鹿
  • 涿鹿 (Zhuōlù)
  • 涿鹿之戰涿鹿之战
  • 涿鹿山
  • 爭鹿争鹿
  • 白脣鹿白唇鹿
  • 白鹿
  • 白鹿洞
  • 白鹿紙白鹿纸
  • 腫骨鹿肿骨鹿
  • 船沉鉅鹿船沉巨鹿
  • 蕉鹿夢蕉鹿梦
  • 覆蕉尋鹿覆蕉寻鹿
  • 覆鹿尋蕉覆鹿寻蕉
  • 覆鹿遺蕉覆鹿遗蕉
  • 逐鹿
  • 逐鹿中原
  • 重赴鹿鳴重赴鹿鸣
  • 鉅鹿巨鹿 (Jùlù)
  • 鉅鹿之戰巨鹿之战
  • 鑿空指鹿凿空指鹿
  • 長頸鹿长颈鹿 (chángjǐnglù)
  • 雞鹿塞鸡鹿塞
  • 馴鹿驯鹿 (xùnlù)
  • 駝鹿驼鹿 (tuólù)
  • 鴻案鹿車鸿案鹿车
  • 鹿兒島鹿儿岛 (Lù'érdǎo)
  • 鹿場鹿场
  • 鹿寨
  • 鹿巾
  • 鹿柴
  • 鹿死誰手鹿死谁手
  • 鹿特丹
  • 鹿皮冠
  • 鹿盧鹿卢
  • 鹿砦 (lùzhài)
  • 鹿脯
  • 鹿臺鹿台
  • 鹿茸 (lùróng)
  • 鹿草鄉鹿草乡
  • 鹿藿
  • 鹿裘不完
  • 鹿角 (lùjiǎo)
  • 鹿角畫鹿角画
  • 鹿角菜
  • 鹿谷鄉鹿谷乡
  • 鹿豕
  • 鹿車鹿车
  • 鹿車共挽鹿车共挽
  • 鹿野鄉鹿野乡
  • 鹿門采藥鹿门采药
  • 鹿頂鹿顶
  • 鹿駭鹿骇
  • 鹿鳴鹿鸣
  • 鹿鳴宴鹿鸣宴
  • 麋鹿 (mílù)
  • 麋鹿之性
  • 麑鹿

Japanese

Kanji

鹿

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. deer

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鹿

Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

鹿 (hiragana , romaji ka)

  1. (archaic) deer

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鹿
しか
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/seka//sika/

Originally a compound of (se, male) + 鹿 (ka, deer), in contrast to 女鹿 (meka, female deer, archaic).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

鹿 (hiragana しか, romaji shika)

  1. deer
    奈良公園 (ならこうえん)には鹿 (しか)しかいない。
    Nara kōen ni wa shika shika inai.
    There is nothing but deer in Nara Park.
Idioms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鹿
かせぎ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From the resemblance to a 桛木 (kasegi, cross-shaped spindle; a branching point in a tree)

Pronunciation

Noun

鹿 (hiragana かせぎ, romaji kasegi)

  1. (archaic) deer
    • 1212: Hōjōki
      山鳥 (やまどり)のほろと ()くを ()きても、 (ちち) (はは)かと (うたが)ひ、 (みね)かせぎ (ちか)くなれたるにつけても、 () (とお)ざかるほどを ()る。
      Yamadori no horo to naku o kikite mo, chichi ka haha ka to utagahi, mine no kasegi no chikaku naretaru ni tsukete mo, yo ni tōzakaru hodo woshiru.
      Hearing the horo call of the mountain pheasant, wondering if it were my father or mother [calling from beyond the grave], and seeing how the deer on the ridge are so tame that they come close by, all of it shows me how far away I am from the world.

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
鹿
かのしし
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 鹿 (ka, deer) + (no, possessive particle) + (しし, meat, flesh).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

  • 鹿の肉

Noun

鹿 (hiragana かのしし, romaji kanoshishi)

  1. (archaic) deer
  2. deer meat: venison

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
鹿
しし
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From (shishi, meat, flesh).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

鹿 (hiragana しし, romaji shishi)

  1. (archaic) a beast (used for its meat, such as a boar or a deer)
  2. short for 猪武者 (inoshishi musha): a reckless warrior
  3. short for 鹿狩り (shishi-gari): a deer hunter
  4. (slang) a female attendant at a bathhouse or hot spring
  5. (slang, archaic) a female prostitute at a bathhouse or hot spring
Usage notes

The beast sense is more commonly spelled .

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
鹿
ろく
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 鹿 (luwk, deer). Compare modern Min Nan reading lo̍k.

Pronunciation

Noun

鹿 (hiragana ろく, romaji roku)

  1. deer
  2. venison or wild boar meat

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  • Ichiko, Teiji (1212) Hōjōki (Shintei), Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-301001-9, published 1989
  • Nishio, Minoru (1957) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei: Hōjōki, Tsurezuregusa, Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-060030-3

Korean

Hanja

鹿 (rok, nok) (hangeul , , revised rok, nok, McCune-Reischauer rok, nok, Yale lok, nok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鹿 (lộc, )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.