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Definition 2025
塵
塵
Translingual
Han character
塵 (radical 32 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈心土 (IPG), four-corner 00214, composition ⿸鹿土)
References
- KangXi: page 236, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5388
- Dae Jaweon: page 475, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 482, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5875
Chinese
| trad. | 塵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 尘 | |
| alt. forms |
𪋻 𡔚 |
|
Glyph origin
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 鹿 (“deer”) + 土 (“soil, dust”) – cloud of dust produced by a (group of) running deer. Ancient simplification of 𪋻, which pictures three deer on top instead of one.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dul ~ r-tul (“dust”). Cognate with Tibetan རྡུལ (rdul, “dust, particle”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): can4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀n
- Min Dong (BUC): dìng
- Min Nan (POJ): tîn / thûn
- Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ên2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenr
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: can4
- Yale: chàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsan4
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀n
- Hakka Romanization System: ciinˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cin2
- IPA: /t͡sʰɨn¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
- IPA (key): /tiŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîn
- Tâi-lô: tîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: diin
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tin²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tin²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin²³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /tin²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tin¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thûn
- Tâi-lô: thûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: tuun
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰun²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰun²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰun²³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /tʰun²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰun¹³/
- Note: thûn - vernacular; tîn - literary.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zen (T3)
- IPA (key): /z̻əɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 塵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 直珍切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɖˠiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɖᵚin/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȡien/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɖjin/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȡjĕn/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȡǐĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȡʱi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chén |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 塵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
chén |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ drin › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[d]rə[n]/ |
| English | dust (n.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 塵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1397 |
| Phonetic component |
塵 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
陳 |
| Old Chinese |
/*rdɯn/ |
Definitions
塵
- dust; dirt; ashes; cinders
- to be streaked with dirt; to become stained
- trace; footprint
- (figuratively) dirty thing
- (figuratively) war; warfare
- (Buddhism) this world; mundane world; this mortal life
- (Buddhism) the number 10–9
- for a long time
- A surname.
Compounds
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 塵 |
|
ごみ Hyōgaiji |
| kun'yomi |
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 塵 |
|
じん Hyōgaiji |
| on'yomi |
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 塵 |
|
ちり Hyōgaiji |
| kun'yomi |
Noun
塵 (hiragana ごみ, katakana ゴミ, romaji gomi)
塵 (hiragana ちり, romaji chiri)
Usage notes
(for the trash meaning) This term is usually written in kana.
Korean
Hanja
塵 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune-Reischauer chin)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
塵 (trần, chần)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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