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Definition 2024

憎

憎

Translingual

Shinjitai 憎
Simplified 憎
Traditional 憎

Alternative forms

Note difference between Chinese form, which uses 曾, and Japanese shinjitai which uses 曽.

Han character

憎 (radical 61 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心金田日 (PCWA), four-corner 98066, composition ⿰忄曾)

  1. hate, detest, abhor
  2. hatred

Related characters

References

  • KangXi: page 402, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11188
  • Dae Jaweon: page 742, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2356, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+618E

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 憎

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 憎
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (曾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
潧 *ʔsrɯn
繒 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
增 *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs
憎 *ʔsɯːŋ
磳 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
曾 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ
矰 *ʔsɯːŋ
罾 *ʔsɯːŋ
熷 *ʔsɯːŋ
竲 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
橧 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
譄 *ʔsɯːŋ
蹭 *sʰɯːŋs
層 *zɯːŋ
贈 *zɯːŋs
僧 *sɯːŋ
鬙 *sɯːŋ
甑 *ʔsɯŋs
鄫 *zɯŋ
驓 *zɯŋ
嶒 *zɯŋ
噌 *sʰɯːŋ
鏳 *zrɯːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsɯːŋ) : semantic 忄 ‎(“heart”) + phonetic 曾 ‎(OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ) – hatred comes from the heart, to hate with one’s heart.

Japanese shinjitai form rather 忄 + 曽.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 憎
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 登 (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 作滕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡səŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡səŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡səŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡səŋ/
Li
Rong		 /t͡səŋ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡səŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡səŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zēng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 憎
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zēng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsong ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ˤəŋ/
English hate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 憎
Reading # 1/1
No. 16614
Phonetic
component		 曾
Rime
group		 蒸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsɯːŋ/

Definitions

憎

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Japanese

Kanji

憎

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. hate

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

憎 • ‎(jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune-Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)

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Vietnamese

Han character

憎 (tăng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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