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Definition 2024
鞏
鞏
See also: 巩
Translingual
Han character
鞏 (radical 177 革+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一弓廿中十 (MNTLJ), four-corner 17506, composition ⿱巩革)
References
- KangXi: page 1387, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42819
- Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4333, character 4
- Unihan data for U+978F
Chinese
| trad. | 鞏 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 巩 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 缸 | *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ |
| 篢 | *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ |
| 贑 | *kluːmʔ |
| 涳 | *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 江 | *kroːŋ |
| 肛 | *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ |
| 扛 | *kroːŋ |
| 杠 | *kroːŋ |
| 豇 | *kroːŋ |
| 茳 | *kroːŋ |
| 釭 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 矼 | *kroːŋ |
| 玒 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ |
| 虹 | *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ |
| 腔 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 崆 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 羫 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 控 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 椌 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 悾 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 跫 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ |
| 啌 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 谾 | *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ |
| 舡 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 缻 | *ɡroːŋ |
| 項 | *ɡroːŋʔ |
| 屸 | *ɡ·roːŋ |
| 功 | *koːŋ |
| 工 | *koːŋ |
| 疘 | *koːŋ |
| 魟 | *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ |
| 攻 | *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 愩 | *koːŋ |
| 碽 | *koːŋ |
| 貢 | *koːŋs |
| 羾 | *koːŋs |
| 空 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 箜 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 硿 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 埪 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 鵼 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 倥 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 鞚 | *kʰoːŋs |
| 叿 | *qʰoːŋ |
| 嗊 | *qʰoːŋʔ |
| 訌 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 紅 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 仜 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 葒 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 渱 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 鴻 | *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 汞 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 澒 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 鞏 | *koŋʔ |
| 巩 | *koŋʔ |
| 銎 | *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ |
| 恐 | *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs |
| 蛩 | *ɡoŋ |
| 筇 | *ɡoŋ |
| 桏 | *ɡoŋ |
| 邛 | *ɡoŋ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˇ
- Wade-Giles: kung3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goong
- IPA (key): /kʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gung2
- Yale: gúng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gung2
- IPA (key): /kʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 鞏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居悚切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kɨoŋX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kioŋX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kioŋX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kuawŋX/ |
| Li Rong |
/kioŋX/ |
| Wang Li |
/kĭwoŋX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ki̯woŋX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jiǒng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 鞏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gǒng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kjowngX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*k(r)oŋʔ/ |
| English | bind with leather straps |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 鞏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4067 |
| Phonetic component |
工 |
| Rime group |
東 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
拱 |
| Old Chinese |
/*koŋʔ/ |
Proper noun
鞏
- A surname.
Japanese
Kanji
鞏
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
鞏 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune-Reischauer kong, Yale kong)
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Vietnamese
Han character
- Hán Việt: củng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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