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Definition 2024


See also:

Translingual

Han character

(radical 141 +11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜土一一尸 (YGMMS), four-corner 21227, composition ⿰⿸)

References

  • KangXi: page 1075, character 42
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32770
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1544, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2830, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+8667

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʰraːs, *kʷraːɡ
*qʰral, *qʰrals, *qʰaː
*qʰra
*qʰra
*qʰras
*b·raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː, *ra
*b·raː
*b·raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*raː
*b·raː
*raː
*raː
*raːʔ
*raːʔ
*raːʔ
*raːʔ
*qʰaː, *qʰʷa, *qʰaː, *qʰʷa
*qʰaː
*qʰʷlaː
*qʰlaːʔ
*qʰlaːʔ
*qʰlaːʔ
*b·ra
*ra
*b·ra
*ra
*ra, *ras
*ra, *ras
*raʔ
*ras
*ras
*ras
*ras
*r̥ʰa
*kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas
*kas, *ɡa
*kas
*kas, *ɡa, *ɡaʔ
*kas, *ɡas
*kʰa, *qʰa
*kʰa
*ɡa
*ɡa, *ɡʷa
*ɡa
*ɡa, *ɡas, *ɡaɡ
*ɡa
*ɡaʔ
*ɡas
*ɡas
*qʰa, *qʰas
*qʰa
*qʰa
*qʰa
*pla
*kʰʷral
*ɡaɡ
*ɡaɡ
*ɡaɡ
*qʰʷraːɡ

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kʰuei⁵⁵/
Harbin /kʰuei⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kʰuei²¹/
Jinan /kʰuei²¹³/
Qingdao /kʰue²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kʰuei²⁴/
Xi'an /kʰuei²¹/
Xining /kʰuɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kʰuei⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kʰuei³¹/
Ürümqi /kʰuei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kʰuei⁵⁵/
Chengdu /kʰuei⁵⁵/
Guiyang /kʰuei⁵⁵/
Kunming /kʰuei⁴⁴/
Nanjing /kʰuəi³¹/
Hefei /kʰue²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰuei¹¹/
Pingyao /kʰuei¹³/
Hohhot /kʰuei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰy⁵³/
/kʰue⁵³/
Suzhou /kʰue̞⁵⁵/
/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /kʰui³³/
Wenzhou /kʰai³³/
Hui Shexian /kʰue³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰye¹¹/
/kʰue¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kʰuei³³/
Xiangtan /kʰuəi³³/
Gan Nanchang /kʰui⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kʰui⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kʰui²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰwɐi⁵³/
Nanning /kʰʷɐi⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kʰwɐi⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰui⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰuoi⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰy⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰui³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xui²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (14)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰˠiuᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰʷᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiuɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰjwiə̆/
Li
Rong
/kʰjue/
Wang
Li
/kʰǐwe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰwie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kuī
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
kuī
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjwe ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʷʰ(r)aj/
English diminish

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5278
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰʷral/
Notes

Definitions

  1. lose, fail
  2. damage
  3. deficient

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings


Korean

Hanja

(hyu) (hangeul , revised hyu, McCune-Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(khuy, khuya, khuây)

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