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Definition 2024
沉
沉
Translingual
Han character
沉 (radical 85 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水月竹弓 (EBHN) or 水月竹山 (EBHU), four-corner 37110, composition ⿰氵冗)
References
- KangXi: page 610, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17190
- Dae Jaweon: page 1003, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1574, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6C89
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
沉 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 沈 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (冘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 冘 | *lu, *lum |
| 抌 | *lu, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *loʔ |
| 狖 | *lus |
| 貁 | *lus |
| 耽 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 眈 | *ʔl'uːm, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *l'uːm |
| 酖 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 妉 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黕 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 衴 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 瓭 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 馾 | *ʔl'uːms |
| 髧 | *l'uːmʔ |
| 紞 | *ʔl'oːmʔ |
| 鈂 | *zlum, *l'um |
| 沈 | *l'um, *l'ums, *hljumʔ |
| 沉 | *l'um |
| 枕 | *l'um, *ʔljumʔ, *ʔljums |
| 莐 | *l'um |
| 霃 | *l'um |
| 鴆 | *l'ums |
| 訦 | *ɦljum, *ɦljumʔ |
| 忱 | *ɦljum |
| 邥 | *hljumʔ |
| 魫 | *hljumʔ |
Originally the same character as 沈 (OC *l'um, *l'ums, *hljumʔ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cam4, zam6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀m
- Min Nan (POJ): tîm
- Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ên2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenr
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: cam4, zam6
- Yale: chàhm, jahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam4, dzam6
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm²¹/, /t͡sɐm²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀m
- Hakka Romanization System: ciimˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cim2
- IPA: /t͡sʰɨm¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zen (T3)
- IPA (key): /z̻əɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 沉 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ ～重 /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵³/ ～底 |
|
| Tianjin |
/ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰən⁴⁵/ |
|
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /tʃʰə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰən²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sʰən³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sʰen²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /zən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡zen²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /d͡zaŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂən¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /d͡zən¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɨn²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰəm¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʃʰem¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/tim³⁵/ /tiam³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tʰɛiŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /teiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /tim⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/sim³¹/ /hiam³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 沉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 直深切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɖˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɖᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȡiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɖjim/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȡjəm/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȡĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȡʱi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chén |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 沉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15256 |
| Phonetic component |
冘 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
沈 |
| Old Chinese |
/*l'um/ |
| Notes | 俗沈字見易林漢碑 |
Definitions
沉
- to sink; to submerge (into water)
- to fall; to sink; to subside
- to settle; to make sink
- to suppress; to stifle; to neglect
- to be neglected
- to indulge in; to be given to
- to hide; to be hidden
- heavy; weighty
- dark; gloomy
- deep; profound
- long (duration); prolonged; lengthy
- deeply; profoundly
Compounds
Derived terms from 沉
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Japanese
Kanji
沉
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
沉 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, sim, McCune-Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
沉 (tròm, chằm, chìm, đắm, đẫm, ngằm, ngầm, trằm, trầm, đẵm)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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