Chinese

Noun

博士

1. (historical) court academician (in feudal China)
2. (historical) master; person with a particular skill

   茶博士  ―  chá bóshì  ―  a tea master

3. (historical) learned scholar; polymath
4. doctorate; Ph.D.

   博士生  ―  bóshìshēng  ―  doctorate candidate

   哲學博士 / 哲学博士  ―  zhéxuébóshì  ―  Doctor of Philosophy

   • 他剛從北京大學取得博士學位。 [MSC, trad.]
     他刚从北京大学取得博士学位。 [MSC, simp.]

     Tā gāng cóng Běijīng dàxué qǔdé bóshì xuéwèi. [Pinyin]

     He recently obtained his doctorate degree from Peking University.

5. doctor (someone with a Ph.D.)

   吳博士 / 吴博士  ―  Wú bóshì  ―  Dr. Wu

   • 張博士是這場講座的主講人。 [MSC, trad.]
     张博士是这场讲座的主讲人。 [MSC, simp.]

     Zhāng bóshì shì zhè chǎng jiǎngzuò de zhǔjiǎngrén. [Pinyin]

     Dr. Zhang is the presenter of this seminar.

Derived terms

Descendants

Others:

• → Manchu: ᠪᠠᡴᠰᡳ ‎(baksi), ᠪᠠᡴᡧᡳ ‎(bakši, “scholar; Confucian scholar”)
  • → Chinese: 把式 (bǎshì), 把勢／把势 (bǎshì, “martial arts; master; skill”), 把戲／把戏 (bǎxì, “circus tricks; cheap tricks”)
  • → Chinese: 巴克什/baksi, title given to Qing Dynasty scholars
• → Mongolian: ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ‎(baɣsi) / багш ‎(bagš, “teacher, instructor; master; trainer”)
• → Kazakh: бақсы ‎(baqsı, “shaman, sorcerer”)
• → Persian: بخشی ‎(baxši, “scribe, secretary; surgeon; vice-regent; inspector; grand falconer”)
• → Uyghur: باخشى ‎(baxshi, “sorcerer, shaman, wizard; witchcraft healer, witch-doctor”), باخشىلىق ‎(baxshiliq, “falconry, hunting with birds of prey; witchcraft, shamanism”)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
• (Tokyo) は​かせ [háꜜkàsè] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ka̠se̞]

Noun

博士 ‎(hiragana はかせ, romaji hakase)

1. (historical) a court academician
2. a doctor (someone with a Ph.D.)

Derived terms

• 博 (はか)士 (せ)論 (ろん)文 (ぶん) ‎(hakase ronbun, “Ph.D. thesis”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 博士 ‎(pak dzriX)

Pronunciation

• On'yomi: Kan'on
• (Tokyo) は​くし [háꜜkùshì] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠kɯ̥ᵝɕi]

Noun

博士 ‎(hiragana はくし, romaji hakushi)

1. a doctor (someone with a Ph.D.)

Descendants

• Chinese: 博士
• Korean: 박사 (baksa)
• Vietnamese: bác sĩ

Etymology 3

Proper noun

博士 ‎(hiragana ひろし, romaji Hiroshi)

1. A male given name

References

1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
3. 1 2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0

Korean

Noun

博士 • ‎(baksa, McCune-Reischauer: paksa, Yale: pakqsa) ‎(hangeul 박사)

1. Hanja form^? of 박사, “doctor”.