Definify.com
Definition 2025
凜
凜
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
See also: 凛
Translingual
Han character
凜 (radical 15 冫+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 戈一卜田木 (IMYWD), four-corner 30191, composition ⿰冫稟)
References
- KangXi: not present, would follow page 133, character 44
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1717
- Dae Jaweon: page 298, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 301, character 13
- Unihan data for U+51DC
Chinese
| trad. | 凜 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 凛 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 凜
|
|---|
| Small seal script |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (禀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 燷 | *b·ruːm |
| 壈 | *b·ruːmʔ |
| 燣 | *b·ruːmʔ |
| 顲 | *b·ruːmʔ, *b·ruːms, *b·rumʔ |
| 稟 | *prɯmʔ |
| 廩 | *b·rɯmʔ |
| 懍 | *b·rɯmʔ |
| 凜 | *b·rɯmʔ, *ɡrɯm |
| 癛 | *b·rɯmʔ |
| 檁 | *b·rɯmʔ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˇ
- Wade-Giles: lin3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liin
- IPA (key): /lin²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: lam5
- Yale: láhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: lam5
- IPA (key): /lɐm¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lím
- Tâi-lô: lím
- Phofsit Daibuun: liem
- IPA (Xiamen): /lim⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lim⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /lim⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /lim⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 凜 | 凜 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III | III |
| Fanqie | 巨金切 | 力稔切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɡˠiɪm/ | /liɪmX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɡᵚim/ | /limX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɡiem/ | /ljemX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/gjim/ | /limX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɡjəm/ | /liəmX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɡĭĕm/ | /lĭĕmX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/gi̯əm/ | /li̯əmX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qín | lǐn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 凜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
lǐn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ limX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[r][ə]mʔ/ |
| English | cold |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 凜 | 凜 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 909 | 913 |
| Phonetic component |
禀 | 禀 |
| Rime group |
侵 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
廩 | 琴 |
| Old Chinese |
/*b·rɯmʔ/ | /*ɡrɯm/ |
Definitions
凜
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Compounds
|
Japanese
Kanji
凜
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
Korean
Hanja
凜 • (reum) (hangeul 름, revised reum, McCune-Reischauer rŭm, Yale lum)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.