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Definition 2024
位
位
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Translingual
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Han character
位 (radical 9 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿 (OYT), four-corner 20218, composition ⿰亻立)
References
- KangXi: page 98, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 503
- Dae Jaweon: page 206, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 138, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4F4D
Chinese
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simp. and trad. |
位 | |
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Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 位
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| Small seal script | ||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 涖 | *rɯːbs, *rɯbs |
| 莅 | *rɯbs, *rɯbs |
| 蒞 | *rɯbs |
| 位 | *ɢʷrɯbs |
| 拉 | *ruːb |
| 菈 | *ruːb |
| 颯 | *sluːb |
| 立 | *rɯb |
| 粒 | *rɯb |
| 笠 | *ɡ·rɯb |
| 砬 | *rɯb |
| 岦 | *rɯb |
| 苙 | *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb |
| 鴗 | *rɯb |
| 雴 | *r̥ʰɯb |
| 泣 | *kʰrɯb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷrɯbs) : semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb, “stand”). Also ideogrammic compound (會意) .
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(j)ap (“to stand”). Cognate with 立 (OC *rɯb).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vi
- Min Dong (BUC): ôi
- Min Nan (POJ): ūi
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhue (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
- Wade-Giles: wei4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
- IPA (key): /u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
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- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: wai6, wai6-2
- Yale: waih, wái
- Cantonese Pinyin: wai6, wai6-2
- IPA (key): /wɐi̯²²/, /wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: vei5, vei5*
- IPA (key): /vei³²/, /vei³²⁻³²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vi
- Hakka Romanization System: vi
- Hagfa Pinyim: vi4
- IPA: /vi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ôi
- IPA (key): /uɔi²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūi
- Tâi-lô: uī
- Phofsit Daibuun: ui
- IPA (Xiamen): /ui²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ui⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /ui³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhue (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦɯᴇ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 位 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uei⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /uei⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /vei⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /vei²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ve⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /uei³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /uei⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /uɨ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /vei¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /vei¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /vei²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /uei³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /uei¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /uei²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /uei²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /uəi⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ue⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vei⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /uei³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /vei⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦue²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦue̞³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦui¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /vu²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ue²²/ |
| Tunxi |
/ue¹¹/ /y¹¹/ |
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| Xiang | Changsha |
/uei⁵⁵/ /uei¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /uəi²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ui²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /vi⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /vui⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐi²²/ |
| Nanning | /wɐi²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /wɐi²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /ui²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /uɔi²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /y⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /ui³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ui³³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 位 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 于愧切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦˠiuɪH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦʷᵚiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣiuɪH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦjwiH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣjuiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣwiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/wiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wèi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 位 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wèi |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hwijH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɢ]ʷrəp-s/ (< *ɢʷəʔ-rəp-s ?) |
| English | standing, position |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 位 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7865 |
| Phonetic component |
立 |
| Rime group |
內 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
位 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɢʷrɯbs/ |
Definitions
位
- position; location
- title; official position
- seat; seating
- throne; royal seat
- rank; grade; status
- standard; rule
- (honorific) people
- digit
- (often polite) Classifier for persons.
- to be situated at; to be located at
- to arrange; to set out
Compounds
Derived terms from 位
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Japanese
See also 位する
Counter
位 (hiragana い, romaji -i, historical hiragana ゐ)
Noun
位 (hiragana くらい, romaji kurai, historical hiragana くらゐ)
Derived terms
- 位取る (kuraidoru)
- 位倒れ (kuraidaore)
- 位付け (kuraizuke)
Suffix
位 (hiragana くらい, romaji -kurai, historical hiragana くらゐ)
Kanji
位
Readings
- Goon: い (i)
- Kan’on: い (i) > ゐ (wi)
- Kun: くらい (kurai) > くらゐ (kurawi), くらいする (位する, kuraisuru) > くらゐする (kurawisuru)
Compounds
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Korean
Hanja
位 • (wi) (hangeul 위, McCune-Reischauer wi)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
- 形位 (“hình vị”)