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Definition 2024


Translingual

Han character

(radical 130 +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月心日 (BPA), four-corner 71261, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 981, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29463
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2069, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8102

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kiː, *kʰiːʔ
*ŋɡiːs
*ŋɡiːs, *kji
*klje
*kji
*kji, *kjis
*kjiʔ
*kjiʔ
*kjiʔ
*ɡjis
*qʰlji
*ɡri
*ɡri
*ɡri
*ɡri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kji) : semantic  (meat) + phonetic  (OC *kjiʔ).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (15)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕi/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ci/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕi/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhī
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhī
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyij ›
Old
Chinese
/*kij/
English fat, grease

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17322
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kji/

Definitions

  1. fat; grease; lard
  2. rouge

Compounds

  • 不施脂粉
  • 乳脂湯乳脂汤
  • 低脂
  • 全脂奶粉
  • 六朝脂粉
  • 凝脂 (níngzhī)
  • 卵磷脂
  • 口脂
  • 合成樹脂合成树脂
  • 塗脂抹粉涂脂抹粉
  • 抹粉施脂
  • 掠脂斡肉
  • 搽脂抹粉
  • 擦脂抹粉
  • 松脂 (sōngzhī)
  • 松脂石
  • 樹脂树脂 (shùzhī)
  • 民脂民膏
  • 民膏民脂
  • 氟樹脂氟树脂
  • 油脂 (yóuzhī)
  • 燕脂
  • 瓊脂琼脂
  • 畫脂鏤冰画脂镂冰
  • 皮脂 (pízhī)
  • 皮脂腺
  • 石脂
  • 硬脂
  • 硬脂酸
  • 磷脂質磷脂质
  • 礦脂矿脂 (kuàngzhī)
  • 羊毛脂
  • 羊脂玉
  • 羊脂白
  • 胭脂 (yānzhī)
  • 胭脂井
  • 胭脂花粉
  • 胭脂虎
  • 胰脂酶
  • 脂油 (zhīyóu)
  • 脂澤脂泽
  • 脂粉 (zhīfěn)
  • 脂粉小說脂粉小说
  • 脂粉氣脂粉气
  • 脂肪 (zhīfáng)
  • 脂肪瘤
  • 脂肪腺
  • 脂肪酸 (zhīfángsuān)
  • 脂腴
  • 脂膏 (zhīgāo)
  • 脂膏不潤脂膏不润
  • 脂膘
  • 脂韋脂韦
  • 脂麻
  • 脣脂唇脂
  • 脣若塗脂唇若涂脂 (chúnruòtúzhī)
  • 脣若施脂唇若施脂
  • 脫脂脱脂
  • 脫脂奶粉脱脂奶粉
  • 脫脂棉脱脂棉
  • 血脂肪
  • 赤石脂 (chìshízhī)
  • 軟脂酸软脂酸
  • 飽和脂肪饱和脂肪 (bǎohé zhīfáng)
  • 魚石脂鱼石脂
  • 鵝脂鹅脂

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. fat

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
あぶら
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana あぶら, romaji abura)

  1. fat

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
やに
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana やに, romaji yani)

  1. resin
  2. tar (byproduct of tobacco smoke)
  3. rheum

Synonyms

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

(ji) (hangeul , revised ji, McCune-Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • KangXi: page 981, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29463
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2069, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8102

Vietnamese

Han character

(chi, chỉ, mạnh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.