Latvian

Alternative forms

• (dialectal form) pills

Adjective

pilns (def. pilnais, comp. pilnāks, sup. vispilnākais; irreg. adv. pilnam, pilnām)

1. (of containers) full (without any space left)

   pilna bļoda‎ ― full bowl

   pilna kanna ar pienu‎ ― pot full of milk

   piebērt pilnus grozus ar kartupeļiem‎ ― to load baskets full of potatoes

   piesmelt pilnu spaini ar ūdeni — to draw a full bucket of water

2. (of spaces, rooms) full (completely occupied)

   pilns skapis ar drēbēm‎ ― a wardrobe full of clothes

   pilns penālis ar zīmuļiem‎ ― a pencil case full of pencils

   piekraut pilnu šķūni ar sienu‎ ― to load a barn full of hay

3. (of flat objects) full (with completely occupied surface; with many thing on its surface)

   pilns galds‎ ― full table (with food, drinks, etc.)

   zeme piebirusi pilna ar āboliem‎ ― the earth was covered full of apples

   piebārstīt pilnu grīdu ar skaidām‎ ― to scatter sawdust all over the floor

4. (of paper, books, etc.) full (completely written, drawn over; with many writings, drawings)

   pierakstīt pilnu kladi ar lekcijām‎ ― to fill a notebook (= to write it full) with lectures

   burtnīca pilna ar stundu plāniem‎ ― a notebook full of lesson plans

   grāmata pilna ar krāsainiem zīmējumiem‎ ― a book full of colorful illustrations

5. (of places, objects) full (with many people, animals, plants, objects; with all available places occupied; where some substance has spread)

   pilns veikals ar pircējiem‎ ― a shop full of customers

   ielas pilnas turistu‎ ― streets full of tourists

   ļaužu pilnas ielas‎ ― streets full of people

   autobuss pilns ar pasažieriem‎ ― a bus full of passengers

   strops pilns ar bitēm‎ ― a hive full of bees

   pilns parks ar vāverem‎ ― a park full of squirrels

   purvs pilns odu‎ ― a swamp full of mosquitoes

   pilns dārzs ar ābelēm‎ ― a garden full of apple trees

   šogad meži pilni sēņu‎ ― this year the forests (are) full of mushrooms

   noliekt riekstu pilnu lazdas zaru‎ ― to tilt, to bend a hazel branch full of nuts

   virtuve pilna ar dūmiem‎ ― a kitchen full of smoke

   pagalms pilns ar bērnu čalām‎ ― a yard full of children's chatter

6. (of substances) full (with considerable admixture of something else)

   graudi pilni pelavām‎ ― grains full of chaff

   kaļķi pilni ar smiltīm‎ ― lime filled with sand

   duļķu pilns ūdens‎ ― water full of mud

7. (of natural phenomena) full (where something occurs or is formed in large quantites)

   ieleja pilna ar biezu miglu‎ ― a valley full of thick mist

   zeme pilna valgmes‎ ― land full of moisture, humidity

   ceļi pilni ar dubļiem‎ ― roads full of mud

8. (of processes, activities) full (where some intense activity occurs, characterized by some intense activity)

   istaba ir rosības pilna‎ ― the room is full of activity, of hustle and bustle

   grūtību pilns ceļojums‎ ― a trip full of difficulties, hardships

   gaidu pilnas stundas‎ ― hours full of waiting

   pārdzīvot laimes pilnus mirkļus‎ ― to live, experience moments full of happiness, bliss

   optimisma pilns romāns‎ ― a novel full of optimism

9. (of people or their actions) full (feeling, possessing some mental feature very intensely)

   prieka pilns bērns‎ ― a child full of joy

   pārliecības pilns cilvēks‎ ― a person full of confidence

   spēka pilns jauneklis‎ ― a young man full of strength

   pārliecības pilna rīcība‎ ― an action full of confidence

   neizpratnes pilna seja‎ ― a face full of incomprehension

   naida pilns skatiens‎ ― a look full of hate

   prieka pilns sauciens‎ ― a cry full of joy

10. (of qualities, means; usually in locative) full (at the highest intensity, at the highest level of development)

    braukt pilnā ātrumā‎ ― to drive at full speed

    pilna slodze‎ ― full-time

    pilnā jaudā, ar pilnu jaudu‎ ― at full capacity, with all strength

    runāt, dziedāt, kliegt pilnā balsī‎ ― to speak, sing, shout at full voice

    pilnā kaujas gatavībā‎ ― in full combat readiness

    rudzi ir pilnā briedumā‎ ― the rye is in full maturity

11. (of plans, books, courses, teams) full, complete, whole, entire (covering the whole set, extension; having all parts;)

    pilns apmācību kurss‎ ― full training course

    noklausīties pilnu lekciju ciklu‎ ― to listen to the full lecture series

    pilna biogrāfija‎ ― full biography

    pilns komplekts‎ ― a full, complete set

    pilns lidmašīnas personālsastāvs‎ ― full flight personnel

    hokeja komanda spēlē pilnā sastavā‎ ― the hockey team plays in its full composition (= the full team, the whole team)

12. (of amounts, measurements) full, whole, complete (corresponding exactly to the given value)

    nostrādāt pilnu darba nedēļu‎ ― to work two full work weeks

    sasniegt pilnus astoņpadsmit gadus‎ ― to reach, to achieve full eighteen years (of age)

13. (of circles, lines, time periods) full, continuous, uninterrupted

    pilns apgrieziens‎ ― full, complete rotation

    darba tika pabeigti tikai pilnā naktī‎ ― the work was finished only in (= after) a full night

14. (of body, body parts) full (relatively large, stout)

    miesās pilns cilvēks‎ ― a full-bodied (= large, stout) person

    sieviete ar pilnām lūpām‎ ― a woman with full lips

15. (colloquial, of people) full, very drunk

    daži tik pilni, ka streipuļoja‎ ― some (of the people) so full (= drunk) that they staggered

Declension

Antonyms

• tukšs

Derived terms

• pilnība
• pilnīgs, pilnīgums
• raižpilns

References

1. ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “pilns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7