Latgalian

Adjective

jauns m

1. new, young

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *jauˀnás, from Proto-Indo-European *yew- ‎(“young”) (from *h₂yuh₁en-), with a suffix *-no. In Latvian, this word broadened its meaning to include also “new,” replacing a previous *naujs ‎(“new”) (compare Lithuanian naũjas ‎(“new”)). Cognates include Lithuanian jáunas ‎(“young”), Old Prussian *jaun- in names of people (Jawne, Javne, etc.), Sudovian iaunis, Old Church Slavonic юнъ ‎(junŭ), Russian юный ‎(júnyj), Ukrainian юний ‎(junyj), Czech jinoch ‎(“young man”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍃 ‎([[juggs [juŋɡs]#Gothic|juggs [juŋɡs]]]), Old High German, German jung, English young, Sanskrit युवन ‎(yuvan), Latin iuvenis.^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jaûns]

Adjective

jauns (def. jaunais, comp. jaunāks, sup. visjaunākais; irreg. adv. (none))

1. (of people, animals, plants) having relatively low age, young, new

   jauns cilvēks, vīrietis‎ ― young person, man

   jauna sieviete‎ ― young woman

   jaunie lasītāji, vēlētāji‎ ― young readers, voters

   jaunie lācēni‎ ― young bear cubs

   jauns mežs‎ ― young, new forest

   jaunas atvases‎ ― young, new shoots

   viņa izskatās jaunāka par saviem gadiem‎ ― she looks younger than her years (= age)

2. (of people) young, typical of youth

   jaunas dienas‎ ― young days, youth

   jauna skaista balss‎ ― young, beautiful voice

   sirdi vajag paturēt jaunu, tad cilvēks nekad nebūs vecs‎ ― one must keep one's heart young, then one will never grow old

3. (moon) new

   Jauns Mēness‎ ― New Moon

4. new, recent (created, invented, built, established a short time ago)

   jauns ciemats‎ ― new village

   jsuns pilsēta‎ ― new town, city

   jaunas konstrukcijas mašīnas‎ ― new construction machines

   jauna sintētiskā šķiedra‎ ― new (kind of) synthetic fiber

   jauna luga, opera‎ ― new play, opera

   kas jauns? — what's new? (conversation starter)

5. new (which has recently mature, which was recently harvested; fresh)

   jaunie kāposti‎ ― new cabbage

   jaunā raža‎ ― the new harvest

6. new, young (having recently begun to act, to work; having little experience)

   jauns skolotājs, ārsts, advokāts‎ ― new, young teachers, doctor, lawyer

   jauno autoru apvienība‎ ― young authors association

   jaunais pāris‎ ― the new, young couple (i.e., recently married)

7. new (recently acquire, purchased; not worn out; not used)

   jauns mētelis‎ ― new coat

   jaunas kurpes‎ ― new shoes

   tirgoties ar jaunām un lietotām grāmatām‎ ― to trade with new and used books

8. new (different; not like before)

   sākt jaunu dzīvi‎ ― to begin a new life

   jauns darbs‎ ― new work, job

   jauna uztvere, pieeja, metode‎ ― new perception, approach, method

   jauni plani, nodomi‎ ― new plans, intentions

9. new (following a previous one; replacing a previous one)

   sācies jauns gads‎ ― a new year has started

   Jaunie Laiki‎ ― the Modern Times (from 1640 to 1917)

   jaunais gads, jaungads‎ ― New Year

   Jauna Derība‎ ― the New Testament

   jauns ilustrēts izdēvums‎ ― new illustrated edition

   jaunā stila (Gregora) kalendārs‎ ― new style (Gregorian) calendar

   jaunā ortografijā‎ ― new orthography, spelling

Declension

Antonyms

• vecs

Derived terms

• jaunatne
• jaunava, jaunavība, jaunavīgs
• jaunība
• jaunietis, jauniete
• jauneklis
• jaunums

References

1. ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “jauns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7