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Definition 2024
艾
艾
Translingual
Han character
艾 (radical 140 艸+2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿大 (TK) or X廿大 (XTK), four-corner 44400, composition ⿱艹乂)
- artemisia, mugwort
- used in transliteration
- a Chinese surname
References
- KangXi: page 1017, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30648
- Dae Jaweon: page 1475, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3172, character 9
- Unihan data for U+827E
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
艾 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (乂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 艾 | *ŋaːds, *ŋads |
| 鴱 | *ŋaːds, *ŋads |
| 餀 | *hŋaːds |
| 刈 | *ŋads |
| 乂 | *ŋads |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄞˋ
- Wade-Giles: ai4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay
- IPA (key): /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Wade-Giles: i4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngaai6
- Yale: ngaaih
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai6
- IPA (key): /ŋɑːi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngie
- Hakka Romanization System: ngie
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngie4
- IPA: /ɲi̯e⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiāⁿ
- Tâi-lô: hiānn
- Phofsit Daibuun: hvia
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiã²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiã⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiã²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /hiã³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiã³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 艾 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ai⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ai⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /nai⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ŋɛ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ɣɛ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ai³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ŋai⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /nɛ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɛ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɛ¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ŋai²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ai³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ŋai¹³/ | |
| Guiyang |
/ŋai²¹³/ /ai²¹³/ 新 |
|
| Kunming | /æ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ae⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʐe̞⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɣai⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ŋæ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ŋɛ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /e⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /ŋe̞¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ŋe̞¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ŋe²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ŋa²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ŋa¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/ŋai⁵⁵/ /ŋai¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ŋai²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ŋai²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ne⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /oi⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋai²²/ |
| Nanning | /ŋai²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ŋai²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/gai²²/ /hiã²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ŋiɛ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/ŋuɛ⁴⁴/ /ŋai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/hiã³¹/ /ŋãi³¹/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/ai³⁵/ /ŋia²³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 艾 | 艾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 廢 (27) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 五蓋切 | 魚肺切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋɨɐiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋiɐiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋiɐiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋajH/ | /ŋɨajH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋiɐiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋĭɐiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋɑiH/ | /ŋi̯ɐiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ài | y- |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 艾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
ài |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngajH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.ŋˤa[t]-s/ |
| English | Artemisia; moxa |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 艾 | 艾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 14953 | 14958 |
| Phonetic component |
乂 | 乂 |
| Rime group |
祭 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
艾 | 刈 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋaːds/ | /*ŋads/ |
Definitions
艾
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
艾
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 艾 |
|
もぐさ Hyōgaiji |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
- Kun'yomi
- (Tokyo) もぐさ [mògúsá] (Heiban - [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) もぐさ [mògúsáꜜ] (Odaka - [3])[2]
- IPA(key): [mo̞ɡ̃ɯᵝsa̠]
Noun
艾 (hiragana もぐさ, romaji mogusa)
Descendants
- English: moxa, moxibustion
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 艾 |
|
よもぎ Hyōgaiji |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
艾 (hiragana よもぎ, romaji yomogi)
References
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
艾 • (ae, ye) (hangeul 애, 예, revised ae, ye, McCune-Reischauer ae, ye, Yale ay, yey)
See also
- 灸 (구, gu) moxibustion
Vietnamese
Han character
艾 (ngải, nghệ, nghễ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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