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Definition 2024

憐

憐

See also: 怜

Translingual

Han character

憐 (radical 61 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心火木手 (PFDQ), four-corner 99059, composition ⿰忄粦)

  1. pity, sympathize

References

  • KangXi: page 402, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11206
  • Dae Jaweon: page 742, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2356, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6190

Chinese

trad. 憐
simp. 怜

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (粦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
潾 *rriːn, *rin
膦 *renʔ
憐 *riːn
燐 *rin, *rins
鄰 *rin
轔 *rin, *rins
嶙 *rin, *rinʔ
粼 *rin, *rins
磷 *rin, *rins
疄 *rin, *rins
麟 *rin
鱗 *rin
璘 *rin
翷 *rin
瞵 *rin, *rins
獜 *rin, *reːŋ
驎 *rin
鏻 *rin, *rins, *reːŋ
繗 *rin
僯 *rinʔ
橉 *rinʔ, *rins
撛 *rinʔ, *rins
遴 *rins
粦 *rins
甐 *rins

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *riːn) : 忄 ‎(“heart”) + 粦.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 憐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 落賢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /len/
Pan
Wuyun		 /len/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɛn/
Li
Rong		 /len/
Wang
Li		 /lien/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /lien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lián
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 憐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 lián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ len ›
Old
Chinese		 /*rˤiŋ/
English love; pity

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 憐
Reading # 1/1
No. 8193
Phonetic
component		 粦
Rime
group		 眞
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 蓮
Old
Chinese		 /*riːn/

Definitions

憐

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Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

憐

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

憐 • ‎(ryeon, yeon) (hangeul 련, 연, revised ryeon, yeon, McCune-Reischauer ryŏn, yŏn, Yale lyen, yen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

憐 (lân, liên)

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