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Definition 2025
慣
慣
See also: 惯
Translingual
Han character
慣 (radical 61 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心田十金 (PWJC), four-corner 97086, composition ⿰忄貫)
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 399, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11111
- Dae Jaweon: page 739, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2349, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6163
Chinese
| trad. | 慣 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 惯 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (毌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 毌 | *koːn, *koːns |
| 貫 | *koːn, *koːns |
| 樌 | *koːns |
| 鏆 | *koːns |
| 遦 | *koːns |
| 慣 | *kroːns |
| 摜 | *kroːns |
| 瑻 | *kuːn |
| 謴 | *kuːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːns) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 貫 (OC *koːn, *koːns) – habit is what one does by heart.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaan3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): koan
- Min Dong (BUC): gáing / guáng
- Min Nan (POJ): koàn
- Wu (Wiktionary): kue (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ
- Wade-Giles: kuan4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guann
- IPA (key): /ku̯a̠n⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gwaan3
- Yale: gwaan
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan3
- IPA (key): /kʷɑːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koan
- Hakka Romanization System: guan
- Hagfa Pinyim: guan4
- IPA: /ku̯an⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gáing / guáng
- IPA (key): /kaiŋ²¹³/, /kuɑŋ²¹³/
- Note: gáing - vernacular (“accustomed”); guáng - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
- Tâi-lô: kuàn
- Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
- IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /kuan¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: kue (T2)
- IPA (key): /kɯᴇ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 慣 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kuan⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /kaun⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /kuan⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /kuã²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /kuã⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /kuan³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /kuã⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /kuã²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /kuan¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /kuɛ̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /kuan²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /kuan³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /kuan¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /kuan²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /kuã̠²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /kuaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /kʊ̃⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kuæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /kuɑŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /kuæ̃⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kue³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /kue̞⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /kuõ⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ka⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /kuɛ³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /kuːə⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /kuan⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /kuan⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kuan⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kuan⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /kuɑn⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kwan³³/ |
| Nanning | /kʷɛn³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kwan³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kuan²¹/ /kuãi²¹/ /kuĩ²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kuɑŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kuiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/kuaŋ²¹³/ /kũi²¹³/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kuaŋ³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 慣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (70) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古患切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠuanH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʷᵚanH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuɐnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwaɨnH/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuanH/ |
| Wang Li |
/kwanH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kwanH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
guàn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 慣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
guàn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kwænH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kˤro[n]-s/ |
| English | accustomed to |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 慣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4471 |
| Phonetic component |
毌 |
| Rime group |
元 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
慣 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kroːns/ |
| Notes | 爾雅作貫,貫轉註字 |
Definitions
慣
- to be accustomed to; to be used to
- habit; custom
- habitually; usually
- to spoil; to overindulge
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
慣
- accustomed
Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
慣 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune-Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
慣 (quen, quán)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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