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Definition 2025
壯
壯
Translingual
Han character
壯 (radical 33 士+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女一土 (VMG), four-corner 24210, composition ⿰爿士)
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 243, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5643
- Dae Jaweon: page 483, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 428, character 7
- Unihan data for U+58EF
Chinese
| trad. | 壯 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 壮 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 臧 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 牂 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 戕 | *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ |
| 贓 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 藏 | *zaːŋ, *zaːŋs |
| 奘 | *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs |
| 臟 | *zaːŋs |
| 將 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs |
| 漿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 鱂 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 蔣 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 螿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 槳 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 獎 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 醬 | *ʔsaŋs |
| 鏘 | *sʰaŋ |
| 蹡 | *sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs |
| 嶈 | *sʰaŋ |
| 斨 | *sʰaŋ |
| 爿 | *braːn, *zaŋ |
| 牆 | *zaŋ |
| 妝 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 莊 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 裝 | *ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs |
| 壯 | *ʔsraŋs |
| 疒 | *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ |
| 床 | *zraŋ |
| 牀 | *zraŋ |
| 狀 | *zraŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsraŋs) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 士.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zong6, zong1, zong3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chong
- Min Nan (POJ): chòng / chàng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
- Wade-Giles: chuang4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zong6, zong1, zong3
- Yale: johng, jōng, jong
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzong6, dzong1, dzong3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɔːŋ²²/, /t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɔːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chong
- Hakka Romanization System: zong
- Hagfa Pinyim: zong4
- IPA: /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chòng
- Tâi-lô: tsòng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zoxng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàng
- Tâi-lô: tsàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaxng
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡saŋ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- Note: chòng - literary; chàng - vernacular.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 壯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 側亮切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃɨɐŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂiɐŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃiɑŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂɨaŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃiaŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃĭaŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂi̯aŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhuàng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 壯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhuàng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsrjangH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ts]<r>aŋ-s/ |
| English | robust |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 壯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10307 |
| Phonetic component |
爿 |
| Rime group |
陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
壯 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsraŋs/ |
Etymology 1
Adjective
壯
Verb
壯
- to strengthen
Compounds
- 壯大/壮大 (zhuàngdà)
- 壯膽/壮胆 (zhuàngdǎn)
- 壯觀/壮观 (zhuàngguān)
- 壯健/壮健 (zhuàngjiàn)
- 壯闊/壮阔 (zhuàngkuò)
- 壯麗/壮丽 (zhuànglì)
- 壯烈/壮烈 (zhuàngliè)
- 壯美/壮美 (zhuàngměi)
- 壯門面/壮门面
- 壯年/壮年 (zhuàngnián)
- 壯實/壮实 (zhuàngshi)
- 壯行/壮行
- 壯志/壮志 (zhuàngzhì)
Etymology 2
First written as 獞 (note the "beast" radical, 犭 (quǎn)). Following the foundation of the PRC it was written as 僮 (with a "person" radical, 亻 (rén)). Due to the derogatory connotations of the previous characters, it was officially amended to 壯/壮 ("strong; robust") in 1965.
Noun
壯
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
壯 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune-Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
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