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Definition 2024


U+5668, 器
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5668

[U+5667]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5669]
See also:

Translingual

Shinjitai
Simplified
Traditional
Stroke order

Han character

(radical 30 +13 in Chinese, 口+12 in Japanese, in Chinese 16 strokes, in Japanese 15 strokes, cangjie input 口口戈大口 (RRIKR), four-corner 66663, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 210, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4349
  • Dae Jaweon: page 432, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 690, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5668

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alt. forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Uncertain.

Possibly an ideogrammic compound (會意) : a (“dog”) guarding four (“vessel”) – containers, or a phonetically borrowed character for the modern meanings with the original meaning being “to bark” (Compare ).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰi³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /hi⁵³/
Taoyuan /hi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hei³³/
Nanning /hi³³/
Hong Kong /hei³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰi²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰɛi²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰi³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰi²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xi³⁵/
/xui³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (17)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰˠiɪH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰjiH/
Li
Rong
/kʰjiH/
Wang
Li
/kʰiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khijH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[kʰ]r[ə][t]-s/
English vessel; instrument

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 10173
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰrɯds/

Definitions

  1. device; tool; utensil; ware
          utensil
  2. (medicine) organ
       guān   organ
  3. capacity; tolerance
       liàng   tolerance
  4. talent; ability
    晚成   wǎnchéng   [idiom] A great talent takes time to mature.
  5. (literary) to think highly of
       zhòng   to regard highly

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Korean: 그릇 (geureut, “receptacle; bowl; capacity; tolerance”) (Pan, 2006)

Japanese

Ryakuji for 器.

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (khijH, vessel; instrument).

Pronunciation

  • On'yomi
  • IPA(key): [kʲi]
  • When used as a suffix, the resulting term has a downstep either right before, or one mora before, the ki.
  • If the preceding syllable has only one mora (as in ga or tsu), the downstep occurs just after that mora:
瓦器 (unglazed earthenware): [gáꜜkì]
空気予熱器 (kūki yonetsuki, air pre-heater): うきよね [kùúkí yónétsúꜜkì]
  • If the preceding syllable has two morae (as in zen or tei), the downstep occurs between the two morae:
安全器 (anzenki, safety cut-out): んき [àńzéꜜǹkì]
円弧測定器 (enko sokuteiki, cyclometer): んこそくいき [èńkó sókútéꜜèkì]

Affix

(hiragana , romaji ki)

  1. device, instrument
  2. container, vessel
Usage notes

Often used interchangeably with (ki) in compounds to indicate “machine”, with the subtlety that implies a smaller device, perhaps hand-held, while implies a larger machine, such as an airplane. Compare 食器 (shokki, tableware) and 飛行機 (hikōki, airplane), or homophones 機械 (kikai, machine, generally larger) and 器械 (kikai, machine, tool, generally smaller).

Derived terms

Suffix

(hiragana , romaji -ki)

  1. device, instrument
Usage notes

Can attach to various nouns that can be used as verbs, to indicate a device for carrying out the action. Examples:

  • 計量 (keiryō, measurement, measuring, gauging) + (-ki) = 計量器 (keiryōki, a measuring device, a gauge)
  • 尿 (nyō, urine) + (-ki) = 尿器 (nyōki, urinal)
  • 印字 (inji, print, type, literally stamp + character) + (-ki) = 印字器 (injiki, a printer, a smaller device, such as a handheld number and letter puncher)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
うつわ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

/ut͡supa//ut͡suɸa//ut͡suwa/

From Old Japanese.[1] Cognate with (utsuo, ancient utsupo, utsubo), signifying a hollowness. Appears to be a compound of , (utsu, hollow, combining form, standalone form uchi, “inside”) + (ha). The derivation of this ha element is unclear.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana うつわ, romaji utsuwa, historical hiragana うつは)

  1. container, vessel
  2. a tool, a utensil
  3. one's degree of ability: talent, caliber
  4. female genitalia: a ****
Derived terms
Synonyms

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(gi) (hangeul , McCune-Reischauer ki)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(khí)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.