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Definition 2024


U+4EA2, 亢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA2

[U+4EA1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EA3]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 8 +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹弓 (YHN), four-corner 00217, composition)

  1. high, proud
  2. violent, excessive
  3. skilled
  4. A surname.

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 88, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 288
  • Dae Jaweon: page 185, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 280, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4EA2

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋs
*kaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs
*kaːŋ
*kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ
*kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ
*kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ
*kʰaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ
*kʰaːŋʔ, *qʰaːŋ
*kʰaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋʔ, *qaːŋ
*kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ
*kʰaːŋs, *qʰaːŋ
*kʰaːŋs
*kʰaːŋs
*kʰaːŋs
*kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ
*kʰaːŋs, *kʰraːŋ
*kʰaːŋs, *kʰraːŋ
*kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ
*ɡaːŋ
*ɡaːŋ
*ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ
*ɡaːŋ
*ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋs
*kraːŋ
*kʰraːŋ
*kʰraːŋ

Etymology 1

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (29)
Final () (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰaŋH/
Li
Rong
/kʰɑŋH/
Wang
Li
/kʰɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kàng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gāng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kang ›
Old
Chinese
/*k-ŋˤaŋ/
English lift high

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 7357
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːŋ/

Definitions

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (28)
Final () (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaŋ/
Li
Rong
/kɑŋ/
Wang
Li
/kɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gāng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 7367
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰaːŋs/

Definitions

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

  • 亢龍有悔亢龙有悔
  • 批亢擣虛批亢擣虚
  • 矯亢矫亢
  • 藏頭亢腦藏头亢脑
  • 高亢

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(hang) (hangeul , revised hang, McCune-Reischauer hang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(cang, khảng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References