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Definition 2024
Rus
Rus
English
Alternative forms
Proper noun
Rus (countable and uncountable, plural Rus)
- A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Kiev and the Dnieper gave rise to the Russian principalities. [from 19th c.]
- 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin 2010, page 504:
- In 860 the Rus’ streamed southwards and laid siege to Constantinople itself.
- 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin 2010, page 504:
- The medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was first in Novgorod and then in Kiev; Kievan Rus.
- Any of the medieval East Slavic principalities ruled by this class, especially Kievan Rus.
Usage notes
This neutral term is used more often instead of Russia or medieval Russia, acknowledging that the Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian people share the heritage of Rus.
With this innovation, it is sometimes unclear how to replace the adjective Russian in the same context. Alternatives include using the attributive noun, as in “the Rus princes”, or rewriting to use “of Rus”. The nonstandard adjective Rusian is seen very rarely.
Synonyms
- Kievan Rus, Kievan Rus', Kyivan Rus, Kyivan Rus'
- Russia, medieval Russia
- Kiev, Kyiv, Kievan state
Derived terms
- Rusian, Rus'ian (rare)
Related terms
- Belarus, Belarusian
- Little Russia, Little Russian
- Rusnak, Russniak
- Russia, Russian
- Belarus, Belarusian, Bielorussia, Bielorussian
- Rusyn
- Ruthenia, Ruthene, Ruthenian
Translations
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Noun
Rus (plural Rus)
- A person from Rus.
- 1959, Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, Kiev Rus, Foreign Languages Pub. House, p 244:
- And if a Rus hits a Greek, or a Greek a Rus with a sword, a spear or any other weapon, he shall pay five litres of silver for his offence, in accordance with Rus law; and if he be unable (insolvent—Author) his property shall be sold for the best price it fetches, including the very clothes . . .
- 1959, Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Solov’ev, History of Russia from the Earliest Times [2000], v 3 (The Shift Northward: Kievan Rus, 1154–1228), p 223:
- If a Varangian claimed money from a Rus, or a Rus from a Varangian, and the debtor refused to pay, the plaintiff, accompanied by twelve witnesses, . . .
- 1973, Donald W. Treadgold, The West in Russia and China: Religious and Secular Thought in Modern Times, v 1 (Russia, 1472–1917), ISBN 0521097258, p xxxv:
- The Church of Kievan Rus knew men well-versed in Scripture and apparently other learning of the time, such as the Metropolitans Ioann II (d. 1089) and Klimetn Smoliatich (twelfth century). The former was Greek, and the latter a Rus.
- 1959, Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, Kiev Rus, Foreign Languages Pub. House, p 244:
References
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editor (1884–1928) A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, OCLC 15566697; and The Oxford English Dictionary; being a Corrected Re-issue with an Introduction, Supplement, and Bibliography of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (the First Supplement), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1933, OCLC 2748467.
- J[ohn] A. Simpson and E[dward] S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8.
Anagrams
Central Franconian
Etymology
From Old High German rōsa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʀuːs/
Noun
Rus f (plural Ruse, diminutive Rüsje or Riesche)
- (most dialects) rose
Usage notes
- The diminutive Rüsje is Ripuarian; the form Riesche is Moselle Franconian.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ʏs
- IPA(key): /rʏs/
Noun
Rus m (plural Russen, diminutive Rusje n, feminine Russin)
Related terms
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rûs/
Proper noun
Rȕs m (Cyrillic spelling Ру̏с)
- Russian (male person)
Declension
Slovak
Noun
Rus m (genitive singular Rusa, nominative plural Rusi, declension pattern of chlap)
- Russian (person)
Declension
Related terms
References
- Rus in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk
rus
rus
Catalan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rus/
- Rhymes: -us
Adjective
rus m (feminine russa, masculine plural russos, feminine plural russes)
- Russian (pertaining to Russia, to the Russian people, or to the Russian language)
Derived terms
- petit rus (“Ukrainian”)
- rus blanc (“Belorussian”)
Noun
rus m (plural russos, feminine russa)
- Russian (an inhabitant of Russia or an ethnic Russian)
Derived terms
- petit rus (“Ukrainian”)
- rus blanc (“Belorussian”)
Proper noun
rus m
- Russian (the Slavic language of the Russians)
Danish
Etymology 1
From an old Danish verb ruse, from Middle Low German rusen (“to rush”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ruːs/, [ʁuːˀs]
Noun
rus c (singular definite rusen, not used in plural form)
Etymology 2
Maybe an abbreviaton of Latin depositurus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rus/, [ʁus]
Noun
rus c (singular definite russen, plural indefinite russer)
Inflection
Dutch
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch rusch, rosch. The Juncaceae plants may constitute a parallel etymology
Alternative forms
- rusch (obsolete)
- rosch, ruisch, risch, resch (all obsolete)
Noun
rus m (plural russen, diminutive rusje n)
- A sod, turf of soil, grass, reed or other vegetation
- The graminal plant Armeria vulgaris or Armeria maritima
- A grass-like plant, (bul)rush, notably of the genera Juncus and Luzula.
- (slang) police detective
Synonyms
Derived terms
- rusachtig (adj)
- (rush-related species; presumably all have a modern from ending in -rus instead of -rusch) Alpenrusch, boschrusch, draadrusch, dwergrusch, greppelrusch, koprusch, lidrusch, moerasrusch, paddenrusch, pitrusch, steenrusch, trekrusch, waterrusch, zeerusch
- ruschdijk
- ruschkleed n
- russchepit
- russchenpol, russenpol.
- rusruiterskruid, (obsolete) ruschruiterskruid
Etymology 2
Adjective
rus
- Alternative form of ruis
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *rowos, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewos (“open space, field”), from *rewh₁-. Cognate with Old Irish róe (“flat field”) and Avestan [script needed] (rauuah-, “open space”). See English room.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ruːs/
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /rus/
Noun
rūs n (genitive rūris); third declension
- countryside; country
- a farm
- a village
Declension
Third declension neuter, with locative.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | rūs | rūra |
| genitive | rūris | rūrum |
| dative | rūrī | rūribus |
| accusative | rūs | rūra |
| ablative | rūre | rūribus |
| vocative | rūs | rūra |
| locative | rūrī | rūribus |
Usage notes
- Rūs is one of a handful of common nouns that take the locative case, the other two being domus and humus.
Derived terms
See also
References
- rus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- rus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- RUS in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- Félix Gaffiot (1934), “rus”, in Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
- Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to make a pleasure-trip into the country: rus excurrere
- to live in the country: ruri vivere, rusticari
- to live (all) one's life (honourably, in the country, as a man of learning): vitam, aetatem (omnem aetatem, omne aetatis tempus) agere (honeste, ruri, in litteris), degere, traducere
- to make a pleasure-trip into the country: rus excurrere
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 531
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
rus m (definite singular rusen, uncountable)
- The mental state inebriation, intoxication, brought on by using alcohol or other drugs
Portuguese
Noun
rus m (plural rus)
- (historical) Rus (Scandinavian settlers and merchants in Eastern Europe)
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowing from Russian русь (rus').
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rus/
Adjective
rus m, n (feminine singular rusă, masculine plural ruși, feminine and neuter plural ruse)
Declension
Noun
rus m (plural ruși, feminine equivalent rusoaică)
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
| nominative/accusative | (un) rus | rusul | (niște) ruși | rușii |
| genitive/dative | (unui) rus | rusului | (unor) ruși | rușilor |
| vocative | rusule | rușilor | ||