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Definition 2024


-ton

-ton

See also: ton, Ton, TON, tón, tòn, tốn, tợn, and Appendix:Variations of "ton"

English

Suffix

-ton

  1. Place-name suffix, from the unstressed word town.
  2. (mathematics, bridge) A set of specific objects or persons.

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:English_words_suffixed_with_-ton'>English words suffixed with -ton</a>

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /-toːn/, [-toːn̥]

Suffix

-tōn (plural -totōn)

  1. (appended to nouns) a diminutive suffix; forms nouns denoting smallness, and rarely insignificance.
Examples

Usage notes

  • The diminutive element -tōn is inserted between the noun stem and the absolutive or possessive ending if there is one.
  • The suffix -tōn takes the plural form -totōn(tin), undergoing reduplication plus the addition of the plural suffix -tin.
piltōntli (small child)pīpiltotōntin (small children)
  • If the stem does not take an absolutive suffix (i.e. -tli and its assimilated forms, -tl and -li), the resulting diminutive does not either, and -tin is omitted in the plural.
chichitōn (small dog)chichitotōn (small dogs)
  • The same can also happen with nouns taking the absolutive -in.
quimichin (mouse)quimichtōn (small mouse), but citlālin (star)citlāltōntli (small star)

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Classical_Nahuatl_words_suffixed_with_-ton'>Classical Nahuatl words suffixed with -ton</a>

Synonyms

Antonyms

References

  • Frances Karttunen (1992) An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl, University of Oklahoma Press, page 247
  • James Lockhart (2001) Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts, Stanford University Press, page 240

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-t'oin, from Proto-Finno-Ugric. Probably related to Northern Sámi -heapme and Moksha -фтома (-ftoma).

Suffix

-ton (front vowel harmony variant -tön)

  1. Indicates lack of something; -less.
    aika 'time' → ajaton 'timeless'
    järki 'sense' → järjetön 'senseless'
    maku 'taste' → mauton 'tasteless'
    ääri 'border' → ääretön 'infinite'

Usage notes

Added to the genitive singular (weak grade) stem.

Declension

Inflection of -ton (Kotus type 34/onneton, tt-t gradation)
nominative -ton -ttomat
genitive -ttoman -ttomien
partitive -tonta -ttomia
illative -ttomaan -ttomiin
singular plural
nominative -ton -ttomat
accusative nom. -ton -ttomat
gen. -ttoman
genitive -ttoman -ttomien
-tontenrare
partitive -tonta -ttomia
inessive -ttomassa -ttomissa
elative -ttomasta -ttomista
illative -ttomaan -ttomiin
adessive -ttomalla -ttomilla
ablative -ttomalta -ttomilta
allative -ttomalle -ttomille
essive -ttomana -ttomina
translative -ttomaksi -ttomiksi
instructive -ttomin
abessive -ttomatta -ttomitta
comitative -ttomine

Antonyms

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Finnish_words_suffixed_with_-ton'>Finnish words suffixed with -ton</a>

See also