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Definition 2024
蚊
蚊
Translingual
Han character
蚊 (radical 142 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中戈卜大 (LIYK), four-corner 50140, composition ⿰虫文)
References
- KangXi: page 1077, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32849
- Dae Jaweon: page 1546, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2840, character 8
- Unihan data for U+868A
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
蚊 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (文) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 旻 | *mrɯn |
| 旼 | *mrɯn |
| 汶 | *mrɯn, *mɯn, *mɯns |
| 忞 | *mrɯn |
| 盿 | *mrɯn |
| 枚 | *mɯːl |
| 玫 | *mɯːl |
| 玟 | *mɯːl |
| 文 | *mɯn |
| 紋 | *mɯn |
| 蚊 | *mɯn |
| 雯 | *mɯn |
| 彣 | *mɯn |
| 馼 | *mɯn |
| 鳼 | *mɯn |
| 鼤 | *mɯn, *mɯns |
| 抆 | *mɯnʔ, *mɯns |
| 紊 | *mɯns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯn) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: wên2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wen
- IPA (key): /u̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: man1, man4
- Yale: mān, màhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: man1, man4
- IPA (key): /mɐn⁵⁵/, /mɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mûn
- Hakka Romanization System: mun´
- Hagfa Pinyim: mun1
- IPA: /mun²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 蚊 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uən³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /uən²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /vən⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /vẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /və̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /uən⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /vẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /uə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /vəŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /və̃n⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /vɤŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /uən²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /uən³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /uen²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /uə̃³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /un²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /uən⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /uŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /və̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /vəŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /mən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ven²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /vaŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian |
/uʌ̃⁴⁴/ /mʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /man⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/uən¹³/ /mən³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /uən¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /un⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mun⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /mun²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mɐn⁵⁵/ |
| Nanning | /mɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /mɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /bun³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /muoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /mɔŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /buŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/vun³¹/ /maŋ²¹³/ 訓蠓 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 蚊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 無分切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/miun/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/miuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/mun/ |
| Li Rong |
/miuən/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭuən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mi̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wén |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 蚊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wén |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mjun › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.mə[r]/ |
| English | mosquito |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 蚊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13017 |
| Phonetic component |
文 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
文 |
| Old Chinese |
/*mɯn/ |
| Notes | 說文俗同蟁 |
Definitions
蚊
Synonyms
- (mosquito): (Min Nan) 蠓 (báng)
Compounds
- 蚊子 (wénzi, “mosquito”)
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚊 |
|
か Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Possibly related to 噛む (kamu, “to bite”) or 痒い (kayui, “itchy”), although the ultimate derivation remains unknown.
Pronunciation
Noun
- mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 161)
- 蚊蟻 上可 下音疑 訓安利乃古
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 161)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚊 |
|
かあ Grade: S |
| Irregular |
Cognate with 蚊 (ka). Likely pronounced long due to being a single mora. Elongation of single mora words is still seen in the Ōsaka dialect with words like teː "hand" from te. The 794 quotation is the oldest extant example of a long vowel in Japanese.
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- IPA(key): [ka̠ː]
Noun
- mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 104)
- 蚊蝄䖟蜺 [...] 上二字加安下二字阿牟
- 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (page 3 (back))
- 蚊 加阿
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 104)
References
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), ISBN 4-7629-3088-1.
- Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, ISBN 978-4-7629-3099-7, published 1979.
Korean
Hanja
蚊 • (mun) (hangeul 문, revised mun, McCune-Reischauer mun, Yale mun)
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