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Definition 2025
縣
縣
Translingual
| Traditional | 縣 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 県 |
| Simplified | 县 |
Han character
縣 (radical 120 糸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月火竹女火 (BFHVF), four-corner 62993, composition ⿰県系(JK) or ⿰⿱⿻且一小系(GTV))
Derived characters
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 934, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27784
- Dae Jaweon: page 1373, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3435, character 11
- Unihan data for U+7E23
Chinese
| trad. | 縣 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 县 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 縣
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (縣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 縣 | *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːns |
| 懸 | *ɡʷeːn |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 県 + 系 – to hang 系 by the head 県 (hair hanging down).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
- Min Dong (BUC): gâing
- Min Nan (POJ): hiān / kūiⁿ / koān / koāiⁿ
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhyoe (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
- Wade-Giles: hsien4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jyun6
- Yale: yuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn6
- IPA (key): /jyːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gâing
- IPA (key): /kaiŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
- Tâi-lô: hiān
- Phofsit Daibuun: hien
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛn²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kuīnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvui
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kuĩ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
- Tâi-lô: kuān
- Phofsit Daibuun: koan
- IPA (Taipei): /kuan³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koāiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kuāinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvoai
- IPA (Xiamen): /kuãi²²/
- Note: hiān - literary; kūiⁿ/koān/koāiⁿ - vernacular.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhyoe (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦyø²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 縣 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕian⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ɕian⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ɕian⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ɕiã²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ɕian³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕiã⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ɕiã²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕian¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕiɛ̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕian²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕiɛn³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕian¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕian²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕiɛ̃²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ɕien⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ɕiĩ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕie⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ɕie̞³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ɕie⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦyø²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦiø³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦiẽ̞¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /jy²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕie²²/ |
| Tunxi | /yɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/ɕiẽ⁵⁵/ /ɕiẽ¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ɕiẽ²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiɛn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ian⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒen⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jyn²²/ |
| Nanning |
/jin²²/ /yn²²/ |
|
| Hong Kong | /jyn²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/hian²²/ /kuãi²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kaiŋ²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kyiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kũi³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/sin³⁵/ /kɔi²³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 縣 | 縣 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (86) | 先 (86) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡涓切 | 黃練切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦwen/ | /ɦwenH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦʷen/ | /ɦʷenH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣuɛn/ | /ɣuɛnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦwɛn/ | /ɦwɛnH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣuen/ | /ɣuenH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣiwen/ | /ɣiwenH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣiwen/ | /ɣiwenH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xuán | xuàn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 縣 | 縣 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xiàn | xuán |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hwenH › | ‹ hwen › |
| Old Chinese |
/*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/ | /*[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]/ |
| English | district | suspend |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 縣 | 縣 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 13576 | 13578 |
| Phonetic component |
縣 | 縣 |
| Rime group |
元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
玄 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡʷeːn/ | /*ɡʷeːns/ |
Definitions
縣
- An administrative subdivision of imperial, republican, and communist China, typically translated as "county" but now generally restricted to rural areas, contrasted with the urban "districts" (區)
- (in many cases but not always) The town which serves as the seat of government of such subdivisions, the "county seat"
See also
- (first-level divisions): 省 (shěng), 市 (shì); 道 (dào) (historical)
- (second-level divisions): 區／区 (qū); 州 (zhōu), 市 (shì), 府 (fǔ), 郡 (jùn), 道 (dào) (historical)
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
縣
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 県)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
縣 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, McCune-Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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