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Definition 2024


See also:

Translingual

Simplified

Traditional

Japanese

Korean

Han character

(radical 113 +12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 戈火口口十 (IFRRJ), four-corner 36256, composition)

Descendants

  • – note difference in simplified Chinese and Japanese shinjitai .

References

  • KangXi: page 846, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24835
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1267, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2408, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+79AA

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*taːlʔ
*taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
*taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
*daːl, *daːn, *teːn
*daːl
*teːl
*deːl, *deːls, *daːn
*tjal, *tjals
*taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
*taːn
*taːn
*taːn
*taːn
*taːn
*tʰaːn
*daːn, *daːns
*daːn, *deːn
*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
*daːnʔ
*daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
*daːns
樿 *tjanʔ
*tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
*tjans
*tʰjanʔ
*tʰjanʔ
*tʰjanʔ
*tʰjanʔ
*tʰjanʔ
*djan
*djan, *djans
*djan
*djanʔ
*djanʔ
*teːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djan, *djans) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans).

Etymology 1

Short for 禪那, which is a phonetic borrowing from Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, dhyana).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (25)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑjæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑian/
Li
Rong
/ʑiɛn/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑi̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chán
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2031
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djan/

Definitions

  1. (Buddhism) dhyana; deep meditation; contemplation
  2. Buddhist doctrine; Buddhist teachings
  3. relating to Buddhism; Buddhist; thoughtful; philosophical

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (25)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑjænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑianH/
Li
Rong
/ʑiɛnH/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shàn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzyenH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]ar-s/
English hand over to another

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2036
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djans/

Definitions

  1. to worship (nature)
  2. to abdicate
  3. to hand over
  4. to inherit

Compounds

References


Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

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Readings


Korean

Hanja

(seon) (hangeul , revised seon, McCune-Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(thiền, thiện, xèng)

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