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Definition 2024

福

福

Translingual

Han character

福 (radical 113 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一口田 (IFMRW), four-corner 31266, composition ⿰礻畐)

References

  • KangXi: page 845, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24768
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2404, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+798F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 福

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 福
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (畐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
富 *pɯɡs
輻 *pɯɡs, *pɯɡ
副 *pʰɯɡs, *pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ
褔 *pʰɯɡs
蔔 *bɯːɡ
匐 *bɯːɡ, *bɯɡ
逼 *prɯɡ
偪 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
幅 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
楅 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
湢 *prɯɡ
堛 *pʰrɯɡ
愊 *pʰrɯɡ
踾 *pʰrɯɡ, *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
揊 *pʰrɯɡ
稫 *pʰrɯɡ
畐 *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ
疈 *pʰrɯɡ
腷 *brɯɡ
鶝 *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
福 *pɯɡ
蝠 *pɯɡ
葍 *pɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pɯɡ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 畐 ‎(OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”), Tibetan ཕྱུགས ‎(phyugs, “livestock”).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 福
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 福
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pək/
English blessing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 福
Reading # 1/1
No. 3395
Phonetic
component		 畐
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 福
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯɡ/

Definitions

福

  1. blessing; happiness; good fortune; prosperity
  2. Short for 福建 (Fújiàn, “Fujian”).
  3. A surname​. Fu.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (福):

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 福
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 敷救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʰɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʰiuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pʰiəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pʰuwH/
Li
Rong		 /pʰiuH/
Wang
Li		 /pʰĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pʰi̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fòu

Definitions

福

  1. † to store; to garner
  2. † to conform to; to fit in with

Japanese

shinjitai

kyūjitai

Kanji

福

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Noun

福 ‎(hiragana ふく, romaji fuku)

  1. good luck, good fortune
  2. happiness

Korean

Hanja

福 • ‎(bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune-Reischauer pok, Yale pok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

福 (phúc, phước)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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