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Definition 2024
益
益
Translingual
Han character
益 (radical 108 皿+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金月廿 (TCBT), four-corner 80107, composition ⿳䒑八皿)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 793, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22972
- Dae Jaweon: page 1208, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2560, character 6
- Unihan data for U+76CA
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
益 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (益) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 隘 | *qreːɡs |
| 賹 | *qreːɡs |
| 搤 | *qreːɡs, *qreːɡ |
| 縊 | *qleːɡs, *qleɡs |
| 螠 | *qleɡs |
| 謚 | *ɢliɡs, *qleɡ |
| 諡 | *ɢliɡs |
| 蠲 | *kʷliːŋ |
| 溢 | *liɡ |
| 鎰 | *liɡ |
| 齸 | *lig, *qleg |
| 貖 | *qreːɡ |
| 益 | *qleɡ |
| 嗌 | *qleɡ |
| 膉 | *qleɡ |
| 鷁 | *ŋɡleːɡ |
| 艗 | *ŋɡleːɡ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Wade-Giles: i4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jik1
- Yale: yīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: jik7
- IPA (key): /jɪk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
- Hakka Romanization System: id`
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5
- IPA: /it̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)id`
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5
- IPA: /(j)it̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Nan
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 伊昔切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yì |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔjiek › |
| Old Chinese |
/*q[i]k/ (dialect: *-ik > *-ek) |
| English | increase |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15081 |
| Phonetic component |
益 |
| Rime group |
錫 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
益 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qleɡ/ |
Definitions
益
Compounds
Derived terms from 益
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
益
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 益 |
|
えき Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 益 (ʔjiek, “increase”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
- On'yomi: Kan'on
- (Tokyo) えき [èkí] (Heiban - [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) えき [éꜜkì] (Atamadaka - [1])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [e̞kʲi]
Noun
Derived terms
- 益獣 (ekijū, “beneficial animal”)
- 益虫 (ekichū, “beneficial insect”)
- 益鳥 (ekichō, “beneficial bird”)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 益 |
|
やく Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 益 (ʔjiek, “increase”). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
Noun
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 益 |
|
ますます Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi |
Reduplication of 増す (masu).[1]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
- 益益, 増す増す
Noun
益 (hiragana ますます, romaji masumasu)
- even more
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
益 • (ik) (hangeul 익, revised ik, McCune-Reischauer ik, Yale ik)