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Definition 2024


See also:

Translingual

Han character

(radical 75 +12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木竹大月 (DHKB), four-corner 42927, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 553, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15526
  • Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1292, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6A4B

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*krew
*krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
*krew, *kʰrew
*krew
*krew, *ɡrew
*krew, *ɡrew
*krew, *ɡrew
*krew
*krew, *krewʔ
*krewʔ
*krewʔ
*krewʔ
*krewʔ, *ɡrew
*krewʔ, *kʰews
*krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
*kʰew
*kʰrew
*kʰrew, *ɡrew
*ɡew
*ɡrew
*ɡrew
*ɡrew
*ɡrew, *qʰrew
*ɡrew, *ɡrews
*ɡrews
*qʰrew
*kewɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrew) : semantic  (wood) + phonetic  (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (30)
Final () (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/giaw/
Li
Rong
/ɡjɛu/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiáo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qiáo
Middle
Chinese
‹ gjew ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ](r)aw/
English bridge

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 10351
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrew/

Definitions

  1. a footbridge, a (small) bridge
    /    qiáoliáng   bridge
  2. beam, crosspiece

Usage notes

Most of the things English terms bridges—as over rivers—are described in modern Chinese as 橋樑桥梁, whereas is used for small, level crossings, as over canals or small ditches.

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
はし
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/pasi//ɸasi//hasi/

From Old Japanese, originally indicating either the area between two things, or a connection between two things.[1]

Cognate with (hashi, stairs from a garden up to the house), both cognate with root hasa indicating the narrow area between two things, as in 狭間 (narrow gap between two things, classical hasama, modern hazama) or 挟む (hasamu, to put between two things that are close together, to squeeze between two things).[1] Cognate also with root hoso indicating the narrowness of a thing itself, as in 細い (hosoi, narrow, slender), 細める (hosomeru, to narrow something, to make something narrow).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana はし, romaji hashi)

  1. that which is constructed to connect two points for the purpose of transportation: a bridge
  2. a bridge-like walkway or corridor between two buildings in a manor, palace, castle, or similar structure
  3. a person who acts as a bridge between different people: a mediator, a go-between

Synonyms

  • (bridge for traffic): 橋梁 (きょうりょう) (kyōryō)
  • (corridor):  (わた)廊下 (ろうか) (watarirōka), 渡殿 (わたどの) (watadono), 長橋 (ながはし) (nagahashi)
  • (mediator): 仲立 (なかだ) (nakadachi), 仲介 (ちゅうかい) (chūkai)

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0
  5. 1 2 Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), ISBN 4-7629-3088-1.

Korean

Hanja

(gyo) (hangeul , McCune-Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(kiều, cầu, kéo, kèo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.