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Definition 2024

極

極

See also: 极

Translingual

Han character

極 (radical 75 木+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木一水一 (DMEM) or 木弓水一 (DNEM), four-corner 41914, composition ⿰木亟)

References

  • KangXi: page 542, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15181
  • Dae Jaweon: page 929, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1240, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+6975

See also

Chinese

trad. 極
simp. 极

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (茍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
亟 *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ
茍 *kɯɡ
殛 *kɯɡ
極 *ɡɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡɯɡ) : semantic 木 ‎(“tree, wood”) + phonetic 亟 ‎(OC *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ) - originally meaning a crossbeam rafter.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 極
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /kʰit̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰit̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kek̚²/
Nanning /kek̚²²/
Hong Kong /kik̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ki²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kek̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kek̚³/
Rime
Character 極
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gik̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɡiək̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jí
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 極
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gik ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ](r)ək/
English extreme

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 極
Reading # 1/1
No. 5738
Phonetic
component		 茍
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 極
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡɯɡ/

Definitions

極

  1. extremely; exceedingly
  2. (geography, physics) pole
  3. extreme; of the highest degree; utmost; furthest; final
    • 極品／极品 (jípǐn, “item of the highest quality”)
    • 極限／极限 (jíxiàn, “limit, the utmost limits”)
  4. reach the limit; do one's utmost
  5. The number 10 to the power of 48 (1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000).

Japanese

Kanji

極

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds

Number

極 (ごく, goku)

  1. A number of 1048 in modern Japanese since 17th century.

Adverb

極 ‎(hiragana ごく, romaji goku)

  1. very, extremely

Korean

Hanja

極 • ‎(geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune-Reischauer kŭk, Yale ****)

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Vietnamese

Han character

極 (cực, cọc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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