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Definition 2024


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Translingual

Han character

(radical 64 +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 手口月金 (QRBC), four-corner 56086, composition)

  1. diminish
  2. impair
  3. injure
  4. to damage
  5. 41st hexagram of the I Ching

References

  • KangXi: page 446, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12459
  • Dae Jaweon: page 796, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1931, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+640D

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ɢon, *ɢun
*ɢon
*qʰon
*sqʰuːnʔ
*ɢun
*ɢunʔ
*ɢunʔ
*ɢunʔ, *ɢun
*ɢunʔ
*ɢunʔ
*ɢunʔ, *ɢun
*qʰun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun, *ɢuns
*ɢʷɯns

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/suənX/
Pan
Wuyun
/suonX/
Shao
Rongfen
/suənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/swənX/
Li
Rong
/suənX/
Wang
Li
/suənX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/suənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
sǔn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
sǔn
Middle
Chinese
‹ swonX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s-q]ʷˤə[n]ʔ/
English diminish, damage

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16202
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sqʰuːnʔ/

Definitions

  1. to damage
  2. to lose
    /    sǔnshī   to lose

Derived terms


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. harm

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(son) (hangeul , revised son, McCune-Reischauer son, Yale son)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(tốn, tổn, tủn, vin, tỏn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.