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Definition 2024


Translingual

Han character

(radical 61 +12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心大金火 (PKCF), four-corner 94096, composition)

  1. clear
  2. intelligible
  3. severe
  4. cold

References

  • KangXi: page 403, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11258
  • Dae Jaweon: page 744, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2353, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+61AD

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*reːw, *reːw
*reːwʔ, *reːws
*reːwʔ, *ʔr'eːwʔ, *reːw
*reːwʔ
*reːwʔ, *reːw
*rew, *rewʔ, *rews
*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
*rewʔ, *reːwʔ
*rewʔ, *reːw
*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
*rews
*rews, *reːw
*rews, *reːw
*reːw
*reːw, *reːwʔ
*reːw, *reːw, *reːws
*reːw
*reːw
*reːw
*reːw, *reːws
*reːw
*reːw, *reːwʔ
*reːw
*reːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ) : semantic  (heart) + phonetic .

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial () (37) (37) (37)
Final () (93) (93) (91)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () IV IV III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/leu/ /leuX/ /liᴇuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/leu/ /leuX/ /liɛuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/leu/ /leuX/ /ljæuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɛw/ /lɛwX/ /liawX/
Li
Rong
/leu/ /leuX/ /liɛuX/
Wang
Li
/lieu/ /lieuX/ /lĭɛuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/lieu/ /lieuX/ /li̯ɛuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
liáo liǎo liǎo
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 8082 8109 8114
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rewʔ/ /*reːw/ /*reːwʔ/

Definitions

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Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings


Vietnamese

Han character

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