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Definition 2024


U+541B, 君
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-541B

[U+541A]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+541C]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 30 +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸大口 (SKR), four-corner 17607, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 177, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3323
  • Dae Jaweon: page 394, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 595, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+541B

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕyn²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕyẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕyə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕyn²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕyẽ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕyə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕyŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕỹn³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕyŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕĩ/
Nanjing /t͡ɕyn³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕyn²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕyəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕỹŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕyŋ⁵³/
/t͡ɕioŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡ɕyən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷen³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕoŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕyʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕyan¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕyn³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕyn³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕyn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kiun⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kuŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɐn⁵³/
Nanning /kʷɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kwɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kun⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kuŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kin²³/
/kun²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨun/
Pan
Wuyun
/kiun/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kun/
Li
Rong
/kiuən/
Wang
Li
/kĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jūn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jūn
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjun ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qur/
English lord; ruler

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7289
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*klun/

Etymology 1

Definitions

  1. sovereign, monarch, ruler, chief, prince, lord
  2. you (honorific form of address)

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Japanese (-kun).

Definitions

  1. (ACG, Internet slang) -kun
  2. (ACG, Internet slang) Affectionate name suffix.
    字幕君

Related terms

  • (sāng, “-san”), (jiàng, “-chan”), (tàn, “-tan”), (yàng, “-sama”)

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
きみ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/ki1mi1/: *[kimi] > [kimi].

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana きみ, romaji kimi)

  1. lord

Pronoun

(hiragana きみ, katakana キミ, romaji kimi)

  1. (informal) second-person personal pronoun, you
    • 905 Kokin Wakashū (poem #21)
      きみがため春の野にいでてわかなつむわが衣手に雪は降りつつ

Etymology 2

Suffix

(hiragana くん, romaji -kun)

  1. suffix for boys' names
  2. indicates respect
  3. indicates familiarity
Usage notes

-kun is often used as a suffix when calling someone. The listener is lower or the same level in social position and is often, but not always, male.

Etymology 3

Voiced form of kimi due to compounding in suffixation.

Suffix

(hiragana ぎみ, romaji -gimi)

  1. indicates respect
     (ちち) (ぎみ)
    chichi-gimi
    your father
Usage notes

There is no direct translation in English – as with other Japanese honorifics, it might roughly correspond to dear, as in “your dear father”.

Respectful suffixes also serve to indicate whose relative is in question: rather than “my father” and “your father”, one would say 父 (“father”) and 父君 (“dear father”).

Used of nobles. Attaches to close family relationship nouns such as (mother), (sister), (daughter of a noble family, princess).

Etymology 4

/kindi/ → /kinzi/. From older きむぢ (kimudi).

Pronoun

(hiragana きんじ, romaji kinji, historical hiragana きんぢ)

  1. second person personal pronoun, you
    • 970-999, Utsubo Monogatari (Fukiage, ge)
      きんぢ、この手を傳へ施す物ならば、この世になからん世なりとも、訪ひ守らん。
    • 970-999, Utsubo Monogatari (Kurabiraki, jō)
      「[...] ある時は「きんぢがつたなく吾を人気なくハ生み出したる」とさへぞの給フや」
    • 970-999, Utsubo Monogatari (Kuniyuzuri, jō)
      喜びて、見給ヒて、聲を放ちて「我が親の今々とし給ひしまで「我はきんぢを思ふにぞ黄泉もえ往くまじき。[...]」」
See also

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

(gun)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: gun, McCune-Reischauer: kun, Yale: kwun)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(quân, vua)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References