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Definition 2024

及

及

及 U+53CA, 及
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CA
← 叉
[U+53C9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 友 →
[U+53CB]
See also: 乃 and 廴

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

及 (radical 29 又+2 in Chinese, 又+1 in Japanese, in Chinese 4 strokes, in Japanese 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 17247)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 165, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
  • Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 35, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+53CA

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 及

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 及
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
趿 *sqʰɯːb
鈒 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb
靸 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb
馺 *sqʰɯːb
砐 *ŋɡɯːb
魥 *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab
扱 *skʰrɯːb
笈 *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb
衱 *ɡrab, *kab
极 *ɡrab, *ɡab
昅 *ɡab
雭 *sqʰrɯb
急 *krɯb
級 *krɯb
汲 *krɯb
芨 *krɯb
伋 *krɯb
彶 *krɯb
及 *ɡrɯb
岌 *ŋɡrɯb
吸 *qʰrɯb

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 ‎(“person”) + 又 ‎(“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person. The hand has developed into the ㄋ at right.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 及
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕi²⁴/ 來不～
/t͡ɕi⁵³/ ～格
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
/t͡ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ²/ ～格
Hakka Meixian /kʰip̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰɐp̚²/
Nanning /kɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /kɐp̚²/
/kʰɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
/kʰip̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ki²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kip̚³/
Rime
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 緝 (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 其立切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjip̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjəp̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jí
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gip ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[m-k-]rəp/
English reach to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
No. 5664
Phonetic
component		 及
Rime
group		 緝
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 及
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯb/

Definitions

及

  1. to reach; to extend to
  2. to catch up to; to reach the level of
  3. to be in time for
  4. and; as well as

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

及

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

及 • ‎(geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune-Reischauer kŭp)

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Vietnamese

Han character

及 (cập)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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