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Definition 2024

友

友

友 U+53CB, 友
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CB
← 及
[U+53CA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 双 →
[U+53CC]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

友 (radical 29 又+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大水 (KE), four-corner 40047, composition ⿸𠂇又)

References

  • KangXi: page 165, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3119
  • Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 391, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+53CB

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 友

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 友
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
絠 *kɯːʔ
醢 *qʰɯːʔ
珛 *qʰʷɯs
栯 *ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
有 *ɢʷɯʔ
友 *ɢʷɯʔ
右 *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
宥 *ɢʷɯs
囿 *ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
侑 *ɢʷɯs
酭 *ɢʷɯs
姷 *ɢʷɯs
又 *ɢʷɯs
佑 *ɢʷɯs
祐 *ɢʷɯs
賄 *qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕 *qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
烠 *ɡʷɯː
倄 *ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪 *ɢʷɯʔ
洧 *ɢʷɯʔ
痏 *ɢʷɯʔ
郁 *qʷɯ
戫 *qʷɯ
哊 *ɡʷɯ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 又 ‎(“hand”) + 又 ‎(“hand”) – two hands meeting in friendship. Also phono-semantic (形聲) , from 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 友
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 云久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦiuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦuwX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣiuX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǒu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 友
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǒu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjuwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/
English friend

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 友
Reading # 1/1
No. 15596
Phonetic
component		 又
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 有
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

友

  1. friend; companion
  2. fraternity

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

友

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. friend

Readings

Noun

友 ‎(hiragana とも, romaji tomo)

  1. friend; pal

Proper noun

友 ‎(hiragana ゆう, romaji Yū)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

友 • ‎(u)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 우 (revised: u, McCune-Reischauer: u, Yale: wu)
  • Name (hangeul): 벗()
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

友 (hữu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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