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Definition 2024
制
制
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See also: 製
Translingual
Han character
制 (radical 18 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹月中弓 (HBLN), four-corner 22200)
References
- KangXi: page 139, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1961
- Dae Jaweon: page 315, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 335, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5236
Chinese
Etymology 1
|
simp. and trad. |
制 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
- Wade-Giles: chih4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zai3
- Yale: jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
- Tâi-lô: tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zex
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì
- Tâi-lô: tsì
- Phofsit Daibuun: cix
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕi²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 制 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 征例切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕiᴇiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕiɛiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕjæiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ciajH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕiɛiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕĭɛiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕi̯ɛiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhì |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 制 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhì |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyejH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tet-s/ |
| English | cut out, prepare |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 制 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17377 |
| Phonetic component |
制 |
| Rime group |
祭 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
制 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kjeds/ |
Definitions
制
- to cut; to chop
- Alternative form of 製／制 (zhì, “to make”).
- to plan; to regulate
- to restrict; to limit; to control
- to rule; to decide; to overpower
- system; law; rules
- (historical) edict of ancient Chinese rulers
-
- 國君死社稷，大夫死眾，士死制。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- 国君死社稷，大夫死众，士死制。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- From: The Book of Rites, circa 4th – 2nd century BCE
- Guójūn sǐ shèjì, dàfū sǐ zhòng, shì sǐ zhì. [Pinyin]
- A ruler should die for his altars; a great officer, with the host (he commands); an inferior officer, for his charge.
-
- (historical) mourning rite on behalf of parents' deaths in ancient China
Compounds
Derived terms from 制
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Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 制 – see 製 (“to manufacture”). (This character, 制, is the simplified form of 製.) |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
制
Readings
- Goon: せ (se)
- Kan’on: せい (sei)
- Kun: おさえる (osaeru)
- Nanori: いさむ (isamu), おさむ (osamu), さだ (sada), すけ (suke), ただ (tada), のり (nori)
Suffix
Korean
Hanja
制 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune-Reischauer che, Yale cey)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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