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Definition 2025
函
函
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
See also: 凾
Translingual
Han character
函 (radical 17 凵+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 山弓水 (UNE) or 弓山水 (NUE), four-corner 10772)
- correspondence
- a case
- a box
References
- KangXi: page 135, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1826
- Dae Jaweon: page 303, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 309, character 9
- Unihan data for U+51FD
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
函 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ
- Wade-Giles: han2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanr
- IPA (key): /xa̠n³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: haam4
- Yale: hàahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: haam4
- IPA (key): /hɑːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâm
- Tâi-lô: hâm
- Phofsit Daibuun: haam
- IPA (Xiamen): /ham²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ham²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ham¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ham²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ham²³/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 函 | 函 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 胡男切 | 胡讒切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦʌm/ | /ɦˠɛm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦəm/ | /ɦᵚæm/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣɒm/ | /ɣɐm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦəm/ | /ɦəɨm/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣᴀm/ | /ɣɐm/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣɒm/ | /ɣɐm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣăm/ | /ɣăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hán | xián |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 函 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hán |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hom › |
| Old Chinese |
/*Cə-m-kˤ[ə]m/ |
| English | envelop, contain |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 函 | 函 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 4861 | 4869 |
| Phonetic component |
函 | 函 |
| Rime group |
侵 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
含 | 咸 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡuːm/ | /*ɡruːm/ |
Definitions
函
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Japanese
Kanji
函
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings
Compounds
- 函館 (Hakodate)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 函 |
|
はこ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Noun
- Alternative spelling of 箱
Korean
Hanja
函 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune-Reischauer ham)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Etymology
| Historical forms of the character 函
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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 |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (函) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 蜬 | *kuːm, *ɡuːm |
| 函 | *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm |
| 涵 | *ɡuːm, *ɡuːmʔ |
| 顄 | *ɡuːm, *ɡuːmʔ |
| 圅 | *ɡuːm |
| 菡 | *ɡuːmʔ |