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Definition 2025

丹

丹

丹 U+4E39, 丹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E39
← 丸
[U+4E38] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 为 →
[U+4E3A]
See also: 丼 and 开

Translingual

Han character

丹 (radical 3 丶+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 月卜 (BY), four-corner 77440, composition ⿻冂亠)

  1. cinnabar (native HgS)
  2. vermilion (artificial HgS used as pigment)
  3. (medicine): tablet, capsule, pill

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 80, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 99
  • Dae Jaweon: page 162, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 44, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E39

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 丹

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丹
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Oracle bone script

j12547

j12548

j12549
Bronze inscriptions

b07719
Large seal script

L06505

L06506

L06507

L06508

L06509

L06510

L06511

L06512

L06513
Small seal script

s03655
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丹 *taːn
旃 *tjan
栴 *tjan

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 丹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都寒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tan/
Li
Rong		 /tɑn/
Wang
Li		 /tɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dān
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤan/
English cinnabar

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丹
Reading # 1/1
No. 1980
Phonetic
component		 丹
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 單
Old
Chinese		 /*taːn/

Noun

丹

  1. cinnabar

Synonyms

  • 朱砂 (zhūshā, “cinnabar”)

Compounds

  • 牡丹 (mǔdān)
  • 靈寶護心丹／灵宝护心丹

Japanese

Kanji

丹

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Noun

丹 ‎(hiragana に, romaji ni)

  1. red
  2. red earth

Related terms

Korean

Hanja

丹 • ‎(dan, ran (nan))
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 단, 란 (난) (revised: dan, ran (nan), McCune-Reischauer: tan, ran (nan))
  • Name (hangeul): 붉을, 정성스러울 (revised: bulgeun, jeongseongsureoul, McCune-Reischauer: pulgǔn, jǒngsǒngsǔrǒul)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Vietnamese

Han character

丹 (đam, đan, đơn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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