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Definition 2024
हृदय
हृदय
Hindi
हृदय
Alternative forms
- हृदा (hŕdā)
Noun
हृदय • (hŕday) m (Urdu spelling ہردی)
- (anatomy) heart
- रोगी का हृदय अभी भी धड़क रहा है।
- The patient's heart is still beating.
- मेरा बाप का हृदय बहुत दुर्बल है।
- My father has a very weak heart.
- उसकी वाणी ने मेरे हृदय को छू दिया।
- His speech touched my heart.
Declension
| Declension of हृदय | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| direct | हृदय (hŕday) | हृदय (hŕday) |
| oblique | हृदय (hŕday) | हृदयों (hŕdyõ) |
| vocative | हृदय (hŕday) | हृदयो (hŕdyo) |
Synonyms
- दिल (dil)
Derived terms
- हृदयाघात (hŕday-āghāt, “heart attack”)
- हृदयकंप (hŕday-kamp, “palpitation, heart-throb”)
- हृदयग्राही (hŕday-grāhī, “captivating, charming”)
- हृदयहीन (hŕday-hīn, “dry, hard-hearted, unfeeling”)
- विदीर्णहृदय (vidīrṇ-hŕday, “heartbroken”)
- मृदुलहृदय (mŕdul-hŕday, “tender-hearted, gentle”)
References
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “हृदय”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons
- हृदय in Chaturvedi, Mahendra and Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), A practical Hindi-English dictionary (Delhi: National Publishing House)
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬁 (zərədā)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥d-, oblique case stem of *ḱḗr (“heart”). Cognates include Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardíā), Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (kir), Old Church Slavonic срьдьцє (srьdьce), Latin cor and Old English heorte (English heart).
Adjective
हृदय • (hṛ́daya)
- going to the heart
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of हृदय | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ) | हृदयौ (hṛdayau) | हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ) |
| Vocative | हृदय (hṛdaya) | हृदयौ (hṛdayau) | हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ) |
| Accusative | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | हृदयौ (hṛdayau) | हृदयान् (hṛdayān) |
| Instrumental | हृदयेन (hṛdayena) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ) |
| Dative | हृदयाय (hṛdayāya) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām) |
| Locative | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu) |
| Feminine ā-stem declension of हृदय | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | हृदया (hṛdayā) | ||
| Gen. sg. | हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | हृदया (hṛdayā) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ) |
| Vocative | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ) |
| Accusative | हृदयाम् (hṛdayām) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ) |
| Instrumental | हृदयया (hṛdayayā) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयाभिः (hṛdayābhiḥ) |
| Dative | हृदयायै (hṛdayāyai) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām) |
| Locative | हृदयायाम् (hṛdayāyām) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयासु (hṛdayāsu) |
| Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | ||
| Gen. sg. | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Vocative | हृदय (hṛdaya) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Accusative | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Instrumental | हृदयेन (hṛdayena) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ) |
| Dative | हृदया (hṛdayā) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām) |
| Locative | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu) |
Noun
हृदय • (hṛ́daya) n
- the heart
- RV 6.53.8c
- यां पूषन बरह्मचोदनीमारां बिभर्ष्याघृणे |
- तया समस्य हर्दयमा रिख किकिरा कृणु ||
- yāṃ pūṣana brahmacodanīmārāṃ bibharṣyāghṛṇe |
- tayā samasya hṛdayamā rikha kikirā kṛṇu ||
- Thou, glowing Pūṣan, carriest an awl that urges men to prayer;
- Therewith do thou tear up and rend to shreds the heart of every one.
- RV 6.53.8c
- soul, mind, spirit (as the seat of mental operations)
- RV 6.9.6b
- वि मे कर्णा पतयतो वि चक्षुर्वीदं जयोतिर्ह्र्दय आहितं यत |
- वि मे मनश्चरति दूराधीः किं सविद वक्ष्यामिकिमु नू मनिष्ये ||
- vi me karṇā patayato vi cakṣurvīdaṃ jyotirhṛdaya āhitaṃ yata |
- vi me manaścarati dūrādhīḥ kiṃ savida vakṣyāmikimu nū maniṣye ||
- Mine ears unclose to hear, mine eye to see him; the light that harbours in my spirit broadens.
- Far roams my mind whose thoughts are in the distance. What shall I speak, what shall I now imagine?
- RV 6.9.6b
- the heart or interior of the body
- the heart or centre or core or essence or best or dearest or most secret part of anything
- true or divine knowledge
- the Veda
- science
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | ||
| Gen. sg. | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Vocative | हृदय (hṛdaya) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Accusative | हृदयम् (hṛdayam) | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) |
| Instrumental | हृदयेन (hṛdayena) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ) |
| Dative | हृदया (hṛdayā) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) | हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) | हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām) |
| Locative | हृदये (hṛdaye) | हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) | हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu) |
References
- Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 1302
- Arthur A. Macdonell, A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, 1893, page 380
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 978
- Carl Capeller, A Sanskrit-English dictionary, based upon the St. Petersburg lexicons, London: Luzac & Co., 1891, page 666
