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Definition 2024


lauks

lauks

Icelandic

Noun

lauks

  1. indefinite genitive singular of laukur

Latvian

Rudzu lauks (1)
Ledus lauks (2)
Elektromagnētiskais lauks (6)

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *lawk-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (to shine; bright; to see), whence also the Latvian adjective lauks (light (color)) (q.v.). As a noun (with intonational change), the meaning evolution was probably “light, clear (place)” > “open place” > “field.” Cognates include Lithuanian laũkas, Old High German lōh (forest clearing overgrown with bushes) (< *lauh) Old Prussian laucks, Sanskrit लोकः (lokáḥ, free space, clearing; world), Latin lūcus (sacred grove) (< “glade, clearing near a grove”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [lāūks]

Noun

lauks m (1st declension)

  1. field (area of land occupied by one or a few plant species, usually crops)
    rudzu, kviešu, linu lauks ― rye, wheat, flax field
    kartupeļu, biešu, kāpostu lauks ― potato, beet, cabbage field
    aparts lauks ― plowed, labored field
    nokopts lauks ― cleared field
    sagatavot lauku sējai ― to prepare a field for sowing
    pirmie pavasara lauku darbi ― the first field works of spring
    lauka gurķifield cucumbers (i.e., grown in the open air)
    lauku puķesfield flowers (i.e., those that grow freely in meadows, fields, etc,)
    lauku zvirbulisfield sparrow (species found in rural areas)
    lauku balodis ir lielāks par mājas balodi ― the field (= wild) pigeon is bigger than the house (= domestic) pigeon
  2. field (a large surface or clearing formed by something, where something can be found)
    ledus, sniega lauks ― ice, snow field
    kapu lauks, kapulauks ― graveyard (lit. grave field)
    mīnu lauks ― mine field
  3. (singular only) outside area, exterior
    ienākt no lauka istabā ― to come into the room from outside
    bērni varēja iet rotaļās, skraidīt pa lauku un pēcāk visi kopā ēst vakariņas ― the children could go play, run outside and later all together eat dinner
  4. area (environment, place, branch of knowledge, where some work, process, action will happen)
    darba lauks, darbalauksfield of work, activity
    kara lauks, karalauks ― battleground (lit. war field)
    kaujas lauks ― battlefield
    redzes lauksfield of vision
    darbības lauks ― scope (lit. field of action)
    E. Eferts-Klusais spraigi darbojās kultūras un izglītības laukā ― E. Eferts-Klusais worked strenuously in the field of culture and education
    celtniecība iespējams atrast daudz, daudz jaunu ceļu; šis darba lauks gaidīt gaida cilvēkus ar nemierīgu sirdi un dzīvu fantāziju ― in construction it is possible to find many, many new paths; this field of work is just waiting for people with a restless heart and living fantasy
  5. (military, in the genitive) field... (which happens in, or is suitable for, deployment or combat situations)
    lauka hospitālisfield hospital
    lauka virtuvefield kitchen
    lauka somafield bag
    lauka kara tiesafield court martial
    lauka kapelānsfield chaplain
  6. (physics) field (region of space where a certain force or influence manifests itself)
    elektriskais, magnētiskais lauks ― electric, magnetic field
    elektromagnētiskais lauks ― electromagnetic field
    gravitācijas lauks ― gravitational field
    akustiskais lauks ― acoustic field
    kodolspēku lauks ― nuclear force field
    mainīgs lauks ― variable field
    lauka intensitātefield intensity

Declension

Synonyms

  • (of "open area, for planting"): tīrums
  • (of "branch of knowledge"): nozare
  • (of "area outside"): ārs

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), lauks”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7