Latvian

Noun

augša f (4th declension)

1. top, upper part (part at the top of, or above, over, something; the part opposed to the bottom)

   krāsns augša‎ ― stove top

   no augšas līdz apakšai‎ ― from top to bototm

   šķūnis piekrauts līdz augšai‎ ― the shed, barn is loaded up to the top

   uz skapja augšas redzēja ievārījuma burkas un kaltētu kumelīšu saišķi‎ ― on top of the cabinet one could see jam jars and bundles of dried camomile

   kalnā abi jaunieši kāpa klusēdami; neaizmirstamais skats, kas pavērās no augšas, Elmāru sastindzināja‎ ― on the mountain both young people became silent; the unforgettable view which opened itself from the top stunned Elmārs

2. the upper floor or floors of a building

   augšā dzīvoja trīs ģimenes‎ ― in the top (floor) three families lived

   skolēnu guļamistaba atradās augšā‎ ― the schoolchildren's bedroom was located on the top (floor)

   viņš varētu iet augšā savā istabā‎ ― he could go upstairs (= to the top floor) to his room

3. attic, space right under the roof

   steļļa, kūts augša‎ ― stable, barn attic

   dienu Brīviņš bija uzkāpis istabas augšā'‎ ― during the day Brīviņš had gone up into the top of the room (i.e., the space between the roof and the ceiling of the room)

4. on, to the top, surface (of the ground)

   nākt augšā‎ ― to come to the surface (i.e., to bud, to germinate)

   arkls slīdēja vienmērīgāk, velēna vēlās kā lente, neviens salms nepalika augšā‎ ― the plow glided smoothly, the turf rolled like a tape, no straw came to the surface

5. up high in the air, in the sky

   augšā - zilas debesis, zibošas mākoņu aitiņas un cīruļu nebeidzama trallināšana; lejā - spilgti zaļumi, balti ziedi‎ ― up high: the blue sky, flashing sheep clouds and endless lark warble; down below: bright green (vegetation), white seeds

   nākt, kāpt augšā'‎ ― to come, climb up (i.e., to appear above the horizon)

   austrumos kāpa augšā melns mākonis‎ ― in the east a dark cloud climbed up

6. the top (a higher authority)

   mēs tik tikko spējam tikt galā ar tiem priekšrakstiem, ko mums piesūta no augšas‎ ― we are barely able to cope with the regulations they send us from the top

   kategoriski jānosoda jebkuri mēģinājumi no augšas uzspiest vienu vai otru lauksaimniecīas kultūru audzēšanu‎ ― we must categorically condemn all attempts from the top to impose one or other agricultural crops

7. (usually in the plural) upper (voice) tones

   spožs koloratūrsoprāns: dzidra tehnika, un turpat arī pilnīgi brīvas, klusinātas, ar neparastu emociju piesātinātas augšas‎ ― a brilliant coloratura soprano: clear technique, and upper (voice) tones almost entirely free, softened, not imbued with any unusual emotions

8. (in the locative or with no, uz) at, to, from the upper reaches (of a river), up, upstream

   peldēt pa upi uz augšu‎ ― to swim up a river

   irties ar laivu uz augšu pret straumi‎ ― to row the boat up against the stream

   no augšas pludināja baļķus‎ ― logs floated from upstream

   viņi uzbrauca augšā līdz tiltam‎ ― they went upstream as far as the bridge

9. (with uz, or in the locative; see augšā) up, upward, also metaphorically

   ceļš gāja uz augšu‎ ― the road went up

   kāpt uz augšu pa kāpnēm‎ ― to climb up the stairs, ladder

   skatīties uz augšu‎ ― to look up

   dzīve iet sauļup, uz augšu‎ ― life is going up toward the sun (= becoming better)

Declension

Synonyms

• (of "up", "upward"): augšā
• (of "upward"): uz augšu, augšup, sauļup (poetic)

Antonyms

• (of "upper part"): apakša
• (of "part above, over"): leja
• (of "up", "upward"): lejā
• (of "upward"): uz leju, lejup, zemup (rare)

Derived terms

• augšā
• augštece
• augšup

Related terms

• augsts, augstums, augstība
• augt

References

1. ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “augt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7