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Definition 2024

造

造

Translingual

Han character

造 (radical 162 辵+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹土口 (YHGR), four-corner 34306, composition ⿺辶告)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1258, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38898
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1746, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3841, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9020

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 造

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (告) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
造 *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ
慥 *skʰuːɡs
艁 *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ
糙 *skʰuːɡs
告 *kuːɡs
誥 *kuːɡs
郜 *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ
祰 *kʰuːʔ, *kuːɡ
靠 *kʰuːɡs
浩 *ɡuːʔ, *kuːb
晧 *ɡuːʔ
皓 *ɡuːʔ
窖 *kruːɡs
簉 *skʰruɡs
梏 *kruːɡ, *kuːɡ
硞 *kʰruːɡ, *kʰuːɡ
牿 *kuːɡ
鵠 *kuːɡ, *ɡuːɡ
酷 *kʰuːɡ
焅 *kʰuːɡ
嚳 *kʰuːɡ
頶 *ɡuːɡ

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 造
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sɑu⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sau⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡sɑu⁵³/
Jinan /t͡sɔ²¹/
Qingdao /t͡sɔ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sau³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sɔ²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡sɔ¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡sɔ¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sɔ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰau³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sʰau¹³/
/t͡sau¹³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰao²¹³/
Kunming /t͡sʰɔ²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡sɔo⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
/t͡sɔ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰau⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡sɔ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zɔ²³/
Suzhou /zæ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡zɔ¹³/
Wenzhou /zɜ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɔ²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/ 建～
/t͡sau¹¹/ ～孽
Xiangtan /t͡sʰaɯ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑu²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰau⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sou²²/
Nanning /t͡su²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sou²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰo²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰɔ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sau⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sau³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /tau³³/
Rime
Character 造 造
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 豪 (89) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 昨早切 七到切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡zɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zawX/ /t͡sʰawH/
Li
Rong		 /d͡zɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱɑuX/ /t͡sʰɑuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zào cào
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 造 造
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zào zào
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzawX › ‹ tshawH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dzˤ]uʔ/ /*(mə-)tsʰˤuʔ-s/
English make go to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 造 造
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 3799 3803
Phonetic
component		 告 告
Rime
group		 奧 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 操 皁
Old
Chinese		 /*skʰuːɡs/ /*sɡuːʔ/

Verb

造

  1. to make, to build
    • John 1.3
      万物是借着他造的。凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。
      Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de. Fán beì zào de, méiyǒu yīyàng búshì jièzhe tā zào de.
      All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
  2. to create; to make
  3. to manufacture; to make; to produce
  4. to make up; to invent; to manufacture
  5. to build
  6. to arrive at; to reach
  7. (law) a party concerned in the suit
  8. an era; a period
  9. to institute
  10. (Mandarin) Eye dialect spelling of 知道 ‎(zhīdào).
    你造嗎？ / 你造吗？  ―  Nǐ zào ma?  ―  Didja know?

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

造

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. create, make, physique, structure

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

造 • ‎(jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune-Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

造 (tạo, xáo, xạo, tháo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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