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Definition 2024
若
若
Translingual
Han character
若 (radical 140 艸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿大口 (TKR), four-corner 44604, composition ⿱艹右)
References
- KangXi: page 1023, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30796
- Dae Jaweon: page 1482, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3187, character 7
- Unihan data for U+82E5
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
若 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 若
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (若) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 若 | *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ |
| 婼 | *nja, *nje, *n̥ʰaɡ |
| 惹 | *njaʔ, *njaɡ |
| 諾 | *naːɡ |
| 蠚 | *hnaːɡ, *n̥ʰaɡ |
| 逽 | *naɡ |
| 蹃 | *naɡ, *rnaːɡ |
| 箬 | *njaɡ |
| 楉 | *njaɡ |
| 鄀 | *njaɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a person combing their hair; obedient.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): joek6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): na / ngiâ
- Min Dong (BUC): nâ / iŏk
- Min Nan (POJ): ná / nā / jio̍k / lio̍k
- Wu (Wiktionary): zaq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄛˋ
- Wade-Giles: juo4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruoh
- IPA (key): /ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: joek6
- Yale: yeuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: joek9
- IPA (key): /jœːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: na / ngiâ
- Hakka Romanization System: na / ngia´
- Hagfa Pinyim: na4 / ngia1
- IPA: /na⁵⁵/, /ɲi̯a²⁴/
- Note: na - vernacular (“if”); ngiâ - literary.
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nâ / iŏk
- IPA (key): /nˡɑ²⁴²/, /yoʔ⁵⁵/
- Note: nâ - vernacular (“if”); iŏk - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ná / nā / jio̍k / lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: ná / nā / jio̍k / lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: nar, na, jiok, liok
- IPA (Xiamen): /na⁵³/, /na²²/, /d͡ʑiɔk̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /na⁵⁵⁴/, /na⁴¹/, /d͡ʑiɔk̚²⁴/, /liɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /na⁵³/, /na²²/, /d͡ʑiɔk̚¹²¹/, /liɔk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /na⁵³/, /na³³/, /d͡ʑiɔk̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /na⁴¹/, /na³³/, /d͡ʑiɔk̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/
- Note: ná, nā - vernacular (“if”); jio̍k, lio̍k - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zaq (T5)
- IPA (key): /z̻ᴀʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 若 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐuo⁵¹/ |
| Harbin |
/iau⁵³/ /ʐuo⁵³/ |
|
| Tianjin | /ʐɤ⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /luə²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /yə⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʐuo²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /vo²¹/ | |
| Xining | /u²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʐuə¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /və¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʐuɤ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /io²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /zo³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /zo²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʐo³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ioʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /ʐuɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zuaʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /ʐʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ʐuaʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zaʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /zɑʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /zɑʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ja²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /iɔʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | ||
| Xiang | Changsha | /io²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /io²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /lɔʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iok̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒok̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jœk̚²/ |
| Nanning | /jœk̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jœk̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /liɔk̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /nuoʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /iɔ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/ziak̚⁵/ /zioʔ⁵/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ziɔk̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 若 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 而灼切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑiɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiak̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭak̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ruò |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 若 | 若 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
ruò | ruò |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nyak › | ‹ nyak › |
| Old Chinese |
/*nak/ | /*nak/ |
| English | you | agree |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 若 | 若 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 10929 | 10940 |
| Phonetic component |
若 | 若 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
若 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*nja/ | /*njaɡ/ |
| Notes | 叒加口轉註 | |
Definitions
若
- † to be obedient to; compliant
- † to trim vegetables
- † to choose
- †you; your
- †he; his
- like; as if
-
- 讀若闌。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- 读若阑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
- Dú ruò lán. [Pinyin]
- Read as "闌".
-
- if; supposing; assuming
- 天若有情天亦老。 ― Tiān ruò yǒu qíng tiān yì lǎo. ― If Heaven had feelings, heaven too would grow old.
- in this way
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 若
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|
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄜˇ
- Wade-Giles: jê3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ree
- IPA (key): /ʐɤ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: je5
- Yale: yéh
- Cantonese Pinyin: je5
- IPA (key): /jɛː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiâ
- Hakka Romanization System: ngia´
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngia1
- IPA: /ɲi̯a²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 若 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 人者切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵiaX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiaX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑiaX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵiaX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiaX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭaX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯aX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
rě |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 若 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 10932 |
| Phonetic component |
若 |
| Rime group |
魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
若 |
| Old Chinese |
/*njaʔ/ |
Definitions
若
Compounds
Derived terms from 若
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
若
- young
- if
Readings
- Goon: にゃく (nyaku), にゃ (nya)
- Kan’on: じゃく (jaku), じゃ (ja)
- Kun: もしくは (moshikuha), わか (waka), わかい (wakai), したがう (shitagau)
Compounds
Noun
Korean
Hanja
若 • (yak, ya)
Eumhun:
- Name (hangeul): 같을, 만약()
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
若 (nhược, nhã)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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