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Definition 2025

獨

獨

See also: 独

Translingual

Han character

獨 (radical 94 犬+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中戈 (KHWLI), four-corner 46227, composition ⿰犭蜀)

References

  • KangXi: page 719, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20725
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1130, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1372, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+7368

Chinese

trad. 獨
simp. 独

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 獨
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (蜀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
襡 *toːʔ, *toːɡs, *doːʔ, *doːɡ, *djoɡ
噣 *toːɡs, *tuɡs, *rtoːɡ, *tjoɡ
斣 *toːɡs
歜 *sdoːmʔ, *tʰjoɡ
斀 *rtoːɡ
孎 *rtoːɡ, *toɡ
濁 *rdoːɡ
鐲 *rdoːɡ, *zroːɡ, *djoɡ
鸀 *rdoːɡ, *tjoɡ
擉 *sʰroːɡ
獨 *doːɡ
髑 *doːɡ
韣 *doːɡ, *tjoɡ, *djoɡ
斸 *toɡ
钃 *toɡ
欘 *toɡ
躅 *doɡ
蠋 *doɡ, *tjoɡ
燭 *tjoɡ
囑 *tjoɡ
矚 *tjoɡ
屬 *tjoɡ, *djoɡ
属 *tjoɡ, *djoɡ
蠾 *tjoɡ, *djoɡ
觸 *tʰjoɡ
臅 *tʰjoɡ
觕 *sʰlaː, *zlaːʔ, *tʰjoɡ
蜀 *djoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *doːɡ) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 蜀 ‎(OC *djoɡ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 獨
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 屋 (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒谷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /duk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /duk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /duk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dəwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /duk̚/
Wang
Li		 /duk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 獨
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ duwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]ˤok/
English alone; only

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 獨
Reading # 1/1
No. 11818
Phonetic
component		 蜀
Rime
group		 屋
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 獨
Old
Chinese		 /*doːɡ/

Definitions

獨

  1. alone; single; solitary
    獨自 / 独自  ―  dúzì  ―  by oneself
  2. the old and childless

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

獨

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 独)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

獨 • ‎(dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune-Reischauer tok, Yale tok)

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Vietnamese

Han character

獨 (độc, dọc)

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